Project 804: D. A. Legg, M. D. Sutton, G. D. Edgecombe, J.-B. Caron. 2012. Cambrian bivalved arthropod reveals origin of arthrodization. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1748):4699-4704 .
Specimen: † Nereocaris (unvouchered)

Abstract

Extant arthropods are diverse and ubiquitous, forming a major constituent of most modern ecosystems. Evidence from early Palaeozoic Konservat Lagerstätten indicates that this has been the case since the Cambrian. Despite this, the details of arthropod origins remain obscure, although most hypotheses regard the first arthropods as benthic predators or scavengers such as the fuxianhuiids or megacheirans (‘great-appendage’ arthropods). Here, we describe a new arthropod from the Tulip Beds locality of the Burgess Shale Formation (Cambrian, series 3, stage 5) that possesses a weakly sclerotized thorax with filamentous appendages, encased in a bivalved carapace, and a strongly sclerotized, elongate abdomen and telson. A cladistic analysis resolved this taxon as the basal-most member of a paraphyletic grade of nekto-benthic forms with bivalved carapaces. This grade occurs at the base of Arthropoda (panarthropods with arthropodized trunk limbs) and suggests that arthrodization (sclerotization and jointing of the exoskeleton) evolved to facilitate swimming. Predatory and fully benthic habits evolved later in the euarthropod stem-lineage and are plesiomorphically retained in pycnogonids (sea spiders) and euchelicerates (horseshoe crabs and arachnids).


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Project DOI: 10.7934/P804, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P804
This project containsMatrices
  • 1 Media
  • 1 Matrix
  • 173 Taxa
  • 1 Specimen
  • 589 Characters
Total size of project's media files: 5.73M

Download Project SDD File
Total scored cells: 67301
Total media associated with cells: 0
Total labels associated with cell media: 0
Characters
Total characters: 589
Total characters with associated media: 0
Total characters with media with labels: 0
Total character states: 1312
Total character states with associated media: 0
Total character states with media with labels:0
Total unordered/ordered characters:589/0
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MorphoBank Project 804

    Authors' Institutions

    • Natural History Museum, London

    • Imperial College London

    • University of Toronto

    • Royal Ontario Museum



    Members

    member name taxa specimens media chars character
    comms
       
    media
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    cell scorings
    (scored, NPA, "-")
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    medialabels
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    Jo Wolfe
    Project Administrator
    1731158900067301
    (36223, 0, 31078)
    0000
    MorphoBank Curator
    00000000
    (0, 0, 0)
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    Greg Edgecombe
    Full membership
    00000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    0000
    David Legg
    Full membership
    00000000
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    0000


    Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M1842' (173 Taxa)

    taxon unscored
    cells
    scored
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    "-" cellscell images labels on
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    [1] Nematoda
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    11162620416003
    [2] Priapulida
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    11360600416003
    [3] Hypsibius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    901421420357003
    [4] Milnesium
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    911411410357003
    [5] Euperipatoides
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    581781780353003
    [6] Peripatidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    851511510353003
    [7] Endeis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1322322320225003
    [8] Colossendeis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1422192190228003
    [9] Ammotheidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1002662660223003
    [10] † Flagellopantopus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2341511510204003
    [11] † Haliestes
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2331571570199003
    [12] † Palaeoisopus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2271621620200003
    [13] † Palaeopantopus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2231551550211003
    [14] Limulus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    703723720147003
    [15] Carcinoscorpius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1073363360146003
    [16] † Offacolus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2601941940135003
    [17] † Weinbergina
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2591961960134003
    [18] † Alanops
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2781881880123003
    [19] † Baltoeurypterus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2532232230113003
    [20] † Pterygotus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2622152150112003
    [21] † Mixopterus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2602162160113003
    [22] † Megalograptus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2612152150113003
    [23] † Moselopterus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2622142140113003
    [24] † Parastylonurus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2622142140113003
    [25] † Rhenopterus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2612152150113003
    [26] † Onychopterella augusti
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2592172170113003
    [27] Buthidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    813653650143003
    [28] Scorpionidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    743723720143003
    [29] † Proscorpius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2362182180135003
    [30] † Eoscorpius carbonarius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2352202200134003
    [31] † Pulmonoscorpius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2352202200134003
    [32] † Compsoscorpius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2362202200133003
    [33] † Palaeophonus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2472152150127003
    [34] Mastigoproctus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    963443440149003
    [35] Mygalomorphae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    623763750152003
    [36] Liphistius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1173293290143003
    [37] Cupiennius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1173273270145003
    [38] † Attercopus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3021651650122003
    [39] Stenochrus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1213253250143003
    [40] Prokoenenia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1223123110156003
    [41] Idiogaryops
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1233123120154003
    [42] Eremocosta
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1223133120155003
    [43] Cryptocellus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1263093090154003
    [44] † Gilboarachne
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2452132130131003
    [45] † Palaeochrinus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2382212210130003
    [46] † Eophrynus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2502032030136003
    [47] † Anthracomartus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2502092090130003
    [48] † Plesiosiro
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2741891890126003
    [49] Mesotarbus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2601911910138003
    [50] Phrynus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1203253250144003
    [51] Opilioacarus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1342872870168003
    [52] Scutigera
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    723363360181003
    [53] Lithobius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    623343340193003
    [54] Craterostigmus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1222802800187003
    [55] Scolopendra
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    643323310194003
    [56] Mecistocephalus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1272612610201003
    [57] Geophilidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    932932930203003
    [58] Hanseniella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1092722720208003
    [59] Scutigerella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    922852850212003
    [60] Pauropodinae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    912782780220003
    [61] Polyxenus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1092722720208003
    [62] Glomeris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    912882880210003
    [63] Proteroiulus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    952792790215003
    [64] Narceus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1112692690209003
    [65] Acerentomidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    972782780214003
    [66] Tomocerus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    783293290182003
    [67] Sminthurinus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1083023020179003
    [68] Campodeidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    922982980199003
    [69] Japygidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1072852850197003
    [70] Meinertellidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1312902900168003
    [71] Machilidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    753463460168003
    [72] Tricholepidion
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1232992990167003
    [73] Lepismatidae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    613663660162003
    [74] Callibaetis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1163093090164003
    [75] Periplaneta
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    863413410162003
    [76] Locusta
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    563713710162003
    [77] Drosophila
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    493603600180003
    [78] Remipedia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1132682680208003
    [79] Hutchinsoniella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1052672670217003
    [80] Artemia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    793143140196003
    [81] Branchinella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1372562560196003
    [82] Triops
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    893083080192003
    [83] Lynceus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1392592590191003
    [84] Limnadia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1512572570181003
    [85] Limnadopsis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1632452450181003
    [86] Cyclestheria
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1622452450182003
    [87] Daphnia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1132822820194003
    [88] Leptodora
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1292612610199003
    [89] Calanoida
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1172612610211003
    [90] Balanus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1232502500216003
    [91] Cypridopsis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1432342340212003
    [92] Argulus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1392622620188003
    [93] Raillietiella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1281671670294003
    [94] Nebalia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1003003000189003
    [95] Paranebalia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1832302300176003
    [96] Stomatopoda
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    913183180180003
    [97] Anaspides
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1003063060183003
    [98] Orchestia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1342752750180003
    [99] Oniscidea
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    693293290191003
    [100] Meganyctiphanes
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1482702700171003
    [101] Homarus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    713373370181003
    [102] † Aysheaia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    22767670295003
    [103] † Megadictyon
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    24655550288003
    [104] † Jianshanopodia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    26259590268003
    [105] † Kerygmachela
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    26062620267003
    [106] † Pambdelurion
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    27254540263003
    [107] † Anomalocaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    25373730263003
    [108] † Hurdia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    25072720267003
    [109] † Opabinia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    25372720264003
    [110] † Fuxianhuia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2701491490170003
    [111] † Guangweicaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2811381380170003
    [112] † Liangwangshania
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2751441440170003
    [113] † Chengjiangocaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2741451450170003
    [114] † Branchiocaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2621601600167003
    [115] † Canadaspis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2661561560167003
    [116] † Nereocaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2641571570168003
    [117] † Jugatacaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2641571570168003
    [118] † Pectocaris spp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2671561560166003
    [119] † Odaraia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2661561560167003
    [120] † Perspicaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2641581580167003
    [121] † Shankouia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2711501500168003
    [122] † Stanley glacier
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2981311310160003
    [123] † Parapeytoia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    34983830157003
    [124] † Fortiforceps
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2581591590172003
    [125] † Yohoia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2561591590174003
    [126] † Haikoucaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2771411410171003
    [127] † Alalcomenaeus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2541621620173003
    [128] † Oestokerkus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2641521520173003
    [129] † Leanchoilia persephone
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2511651650173003
    [130] † Leanchoilia illecebrosa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2511651650173003
    [131] † Leanchoilia superlata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2511651650173003
    [132] † Molaria
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2521531530184003
    [133] † Emeraldella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2371661660186003
    [134] † Sidneyia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2571701700162003
    [135] † Neostrabops
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    37396960120003
    [136] † Pseudoarthron
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    41165650113003
    [137] † Cheloniellon
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2711581580160003
    [138] † Triopus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3421021020145003
    [139] † Duslia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3641041040121003
    [140] † Retifacies
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2571741740158003
    [141] † Pygmaclypeatus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3281211210140003
    [142] † Squamacula
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2511511510187003
    [143] † Phytophilaspis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3551131130121003
    [144] † Sinoburius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2611681680160003
    [145] † Xanderella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2571721720160003
    [146] † Cindarella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2561731730160003
    [147] † Siriocaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2601461460183003
    [148] † Naraoia compacta
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2551721720162003
    [149] † Naraoia spinosa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2551711710163003
    [150] † Misszhouia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2551711710163003
    [151] † Kuamaia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2591701700160003
    [152] † Helmetia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3431231230123003
    [153] † Skioldia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2781491490162003
    [154] † Tegopelte
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2771501500162003
    [155] † Saperion
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2621621620165003
    [156] † Kangacaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2741511510164003
    [157] † Emucaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2701551550164003
    [158] † Buenaspis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3621061060121003
    [159] Tarricola
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3621061060121003
    [160] † Soomaspis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    3621061060121003
    [161] † Liwia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2921401400157003
    [162] † Eoredlichia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2501781780161003
    [163] † Olenoides
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2481801800161003
    [164] † Burgessia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2411581570191003
    [165] † Vachonisia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2541461460189003
    [166] † Xylokorys
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2541461460189003
    [167] † Marrella
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2431521520194003
    [168] † Mimetaster
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2461511510192003
    [169] † Furca
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    43237370120003
    [170] † Agnostus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2401661660183003
    [171] † Martinssonia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2371651650187003
    [172] † Skara
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2391631630187003
    [173] † Yicaris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2641701700155003


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    Total project views47835
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    Views for media list1936
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    type number of downloads Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
    Total downloads from project546
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