Project 4049: M. Heingård, G. Musser, S. A. Hall, J. A. Clarke. 2021. New Remains of Scandiavis mikkelseni Inform Avian Phylogenetic Relationships and Brain Evolution. Diversity. 13 (12):651.
Abstract
Although an increasing number of studies are combining skeletal and neural morphology data in a phylogenetic context, most studies do not include extinct taxa due to the rarity of preserved endocasts. The early Eocene avifauna of the Fur Formation of Denmark presents an excellent opportunity for further study of extinct osteological and endocranial morphology as fossils are often exceptionally preserved in three dimensions. Here, we use X-ray computed tomography to present additional material of the previously described taxon Scandiavis mikkelseni and reassess its phylogenetic placement using a previously published dataset. The new specimen provides novel insights into the osteological morphology and brain anatomy of Scandiavis. The virtual endocast exhibits a morphology comparable to that of modern avian species. Endocranial evaluation shows that it was remarkably similar to that of certain extant Charadriiformes, yet also possessed a novel combination of traits. This may mean that traits previously proposed to be the result of shifts in ecology later in the evolutionary history of Charadriiformes may instead show a more complex distribution in stem Charadriiformes and/or Gruiformes depending on the interrelationships of these important clades. Evaluation of skeletal and endocranial character state changes within a previously published phylogeny confirms both S. mikkelseni and a putative extinct charadriiform, Nahmavis grandei, as charadriiform. Results bolster the likelihood that both taxa are critical fossils for divergence dating and highlight a biogeographic pattern similar to that of Gruiformes.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.3390/d13120651
Project DOI: 10.7934/P4049, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P4049
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 33687 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 721 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 2165 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:718/3 |
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MorphoBank Project 4049
MorphoBank Project 4049
- Creation Date:
30 June 2021 - Publication Date:
09 December 2021 - Project views: 11691
- Media downloads: 9
- Matrix downloads: 14
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- Lund University
- University of Texas at Austin
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | media notes | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||||||||||
Grace Musser Project Administrator | 60 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 721 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33687 (33686, 0, 1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Miriam Heingard Full membership | 0 | 0 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M27612' (60 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Crypturellus undulatus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 100 | 621 | 621 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[2] Tinamus solitarius Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 96 | 625 | 625 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[3] Lophura bulweri Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 85 | 636 | 636 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[4] Chauna torquata Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 71 | 650 | 650 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[5] Anas platyrhynchos Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 75 | 646 | 646 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[6] Mergus serrator Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 97 | 624 | 624 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[7] Gallus gallus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 54 | 667 | 667 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[8] Gavia immer Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 65 | 656 | 656 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[9] Spheniscus humboldti Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 72 | 649 | 649 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[10] Phoenicopterus chilensis Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 53 | 668 | 668 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[11] Podiceps cristata Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 89 | 632 | 632 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[12] Caprimulgus carolinensis Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 81 | 640 | 640 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[13] Eudromias ruficollis Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 68 | 653 | 653 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[14] Jacana jacana Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 53 | 668 | 668 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[15] Haematopus ostralegus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 64 | 657 | 657 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[16] Burhinus bistriatus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 43 | 678 | 678 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[17] Charadrius semipalmatus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 28 | 692 | 692 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[18] Vanellus coronatus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 86 | 635 | 635 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[19] Chionis alba Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 61 | 660 | 660 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[20] Pluvianus aegyptius Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 73 | 648 | 648 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[21] Larus atricilla Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 30 | 691 | 691 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[22] Recurvirostra avosetta Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 90 | 631 | 631 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[23] Stercorarius longicaudus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 41 | 680 | 680 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[24] Thinocorus rumicivorous Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 110 | 611 | 611 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[25] Turnix nigricollis Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 135 | 586 | 586 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[26] † IGM 100/1435 Last Modified in 12/09/21 | 713 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[27] † Scandiavis mikkelseni Last Modified in 12/09/21 | 478 | 243 | 243 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[28] † Nahmavis grandei Last Modified in 12/09/21 | 529 | 192 | 192 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[29] † Salmila robusta Last Modified in 12/09/21 | 584 | 137 | 137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[30] Opisthocomus hoazin Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 62 | 659 | 659 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[31] Phaethon aethereus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 53 | 668 | 668 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[32] Psophia crepitans Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 62 | 659 | 659 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[33] Aramus guarana Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 62 | 659 | 659 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[34] Balearica regulorum Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 64 | 657 | 657 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[35] Grus japonensis Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 86 | 635 | 635 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[36] Podica senegalensis Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 265 | 456 | 456 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[37] Heliornis fulica Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 77 | 644 | 644 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[38] Heliopais personata Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 472 | 249 | 249 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[39] Sarothrura lugens Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 397 | 324 | 324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[40] Sarothrura pulchra Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 84 | 637 | 637 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[41] Himantornis haematopus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 63 | 658 | 658 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[42] Habroptila wallacii Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 82 | 639 | 639 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[43] Gallicrex cinerea Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 67 | 654 | 654 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[44] Canirallus oceleus batesi Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 315 | 406 | 406 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[45] Aramides cajanea Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 53 | 668 | 668 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[46] Rallus longirostris Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 58 | 663 | 663 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[47] Gallinula chloropus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 56 | 665 | 665 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[48] Porphyrula martinica Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 71 | 650 | 650 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[49] † Pellornis mikkelseni Last Modified in 12/09/21 | 547 | 174 | 174 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[50] † Messelornis cristata Last Modified in 12/09/21 | 431 | 290 | 290 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[51] † Songzia acutunguis Last Modified in 12/09/21 | 586 | 135 | 135 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[52] Eurypyga helias Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 50 | 671 | 671 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[53] Rhynochetos jubatus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 67 | 654 | 654 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[54] Chlamydotis macqueenii Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 129 | 592 | 592 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[55] Cariama cristata Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 79 | 642 | 642 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[56] Chunga burmeisteri Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 148 | 573 | 573 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[57] Columba livia Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 52 | 669 | 669 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[58] Cathartes burrovianus Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 104 | 617 | 617 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[59] Leptosomus discolor Last Modified in 08/04/21 | 92 | 629 | 629 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[60] † SMF av 619 Last Modified in 12/09/21 | 715 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 11691 | |
Project overview | 671 | |
Media views | 3420 | Media search (1318 views); M823595 (337 views); M824026 (222 views); M824024 (235 views); M822859 (234 views); M823596 (230 views); M823597 (220 views); M824027 (199 views); M824028 (229 views); M824029 (196 views); |
Matrix views | 441 | Matrix landing page (408 views); Morphological Matrix (33 views); |
Taxon list | 4030 | |
Specimen list | 733 | |
Views for media list | 1195 | |
Folio views | 534 | Folio list (313 views); CT Data TIFFS (221 views); |
Documents list | 389 | |
Bibliography | 278 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 55 | |
Matrix downloads | 14 | Morphological Matrix (14 downloads); |
Project downloads | 32 | |
Media downloads | 9 | M824024 (3 downloads); M823595 (2 downloads); M824026 (1 download); M824027 (1 download); M824028 (1 download); M824029 (1 download); |