Morphobank

Project 3401: J.D. Carrillo, C. Suarez, A. M. Benites-Palomino, A. Vanegas, A. Link, A. F. Rincón, J. Luque, S. B. Cooke, M. Tallman, G. Billet. 2023. New remains of Neotropical bunodont litopterns and the systematics of Megadolodinae (Mammalia: Litopterna) - REDUCED MATRICES. Geodiversitas. 45 (15):409-447.

Specimen: † Neodolodus colombianus Hoffstetter and Soria, 1986 (VPPLT:1696)
View: Cranium in lateral view

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Abstract

Litopterna is one the most diverse and long–lived clades of South American native ungulates. Megadolodus and Neodolodus are bunodont litoptern genera recorded in the middle Miocene tropical faunistic assemblage of La Venta (Colombia). Both taxa were initially identified as a didolodontid ‘condylarths’, but later reclassified into Proterotheriidae, within Litopterna. Previous studies proposed their inclusion within Proterotheriidae, but possible affinities with early litopterns and didolodontids have not been properly tested in phylogenetic analyses. We report new material of Megadolodus and Neodolodus from La Venta, which document new aspects of their upper and lower dentition, and we reassess their phylogenetic relationships with Litopterna and Didolodontidae. Using pre-existing matrices, we tested two alternative approaches of character construction for serial characters on the dentition in our phylogenetic analyses. Based on previously known and new fossil material, our analyses with
both coding approaches support for a close relationship between Megadolodus and Neodolodus, within Litopterna, and do not support a close relationship with Didolodontidae. At a less inclusive level the relationships of Megadolodinae within Litopterna vary depending on the coding approach used. However, all of our analyses unambiguously support the monophyly of Megadolodinae as a clade of Neotropical bunodont litopterns. While the discovery of these new remains enlightens part of the litoptern phylogeny, the sensitivity of our analyses to coding approaches further highlights the importance of critical evaluation of character construction in morphological phylogenetics.

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Article DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a15

Project DOI: 10.7934/P3401, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3401

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 2 Matrices 2 Documents 45 Taxa 1 Specimen 97 Characters Total size of project's media files: 417.08k Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 4973 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 187 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 230 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:178/9

Currently Viewing:
MorphoBank Project 3401

Creation Date:
25 February 2019
Publication Date:
21 August 2023
Matrix downloads: 13

Authors' Institutions

Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Natural History Museum, Paris)

Grand Valley State University

Harvard University

Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB)

University of Cambridge

Université de Fribourg (University of Fribourg)

University of Zurich (Universität Zürich)

Universidad de Los Andes

Universidad del Norte

Johns Hopkins University

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute

Universidad del Rosario

Members

Juan David Carrillo
Project Administrator

187

4859
(4746, 0, 113)

Guillaume Billet
Full membership

114
(114, 0, 0)

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M27682' (44 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Simoclaenus sylvaticus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	38	51	51	0	7	0	0	2
[2] † Tiuclaenus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	31	60	58	0	7	0	0	2
[3] † Miguelsoria parayirunhor Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	21	74	73	0	2	0	0	2
[4] † Protolipterna ellipsodontoides Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	16	81	78	0	2	0	0	2
[5] † Asmithwoodwardia scotti Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	31	63	63	0	2	0	0	2
[6] † Paranisolambda prodromus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	64	32	32	0	0	0	0	2
[7] † Ricardocifellia protocenica Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	29	65	64	0	3	0	0	2
[8] † Victorlemoinea prototypica Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	47	50	49	0	0	0	0	2
[9] † Lamegoia conodonta Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	40	59	54	0	2	0	0	2
[10] † Didolodus multicuspis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	15	77	77	0	4	0	0	2
[11] † Adiantoides leali Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	44	55	51	0	1	0	0	2
[12] † Indalecia grandensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	43	55	52	0	1	0	0	2
[13] † Polymorphis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	50	48	46	0	0	0	0	2
[14] † Cramauchenia normalis Taxon name last Modified on 02/10/23	24	73	71	0	1	0	0	2
[15] † Theosodon spp Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	12	84	83	0	1	0	0	2
[16] † Paramacrauchenia scamnata Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	53	44	43	0	0	0	0	2
[17] † Anisolambda Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	59	38	37	0	0	0	0	2
[18] † Megadolodus molariformis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	16	81	80	0	0	0	0	2
[19] † Neodolodus colombianus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	13	83	83	0	0	0	0	2
[20] † Anisolophus australis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	19	74	72	0	5	0	0	2
[21] † Anisolophus floweri Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	38	56	56	0	2	0	0	2
[22] † Brachytherium cuspidatum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	44	52	50	0	2	0	0	2
[23] † Diadiaphorus majusculus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	4	89	86	0	6	0	0	2
[24] † Diplasiotherium robustum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	75	21	21	0	0	0	0	2
[25] † Eoauchenia primitiva Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	70	25	24	0	2	0	0	2
[26] † Epitherium laternarium Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	56	38	38	0	2	0	0	2
[27] † Lambdaconus lacerum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	50	48	45	0	1	0	0	2
[28] † Lambdaconus suinus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	55	43	40	0	1	0	0	2
[29] † Neobrachytherium intermedium Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	41	56	54	0	1	0	0	2
[30] † Neobrachytherium morenoi Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	62	40	34	0	0	0	0	2
[31] † Neolicaphrium recens Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	45	50	49	0	2	0	0	2
[32] † Picturotherium migueli Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	61	35	35	0	0	0	0	2
[33] † Proectocion Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	80	17	16	0	0	0	0	2
[34] † Mesolicaphrium sanalfonense Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	39	58	57	0	0	0	0	2
[35] † Prolicaphrium specillatum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	28	66	64	0	4	0	0	2
[36] † Proterotherium cervioides Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	78	22	18	0	0	0	0	2
[37] † Protheosodon coniferus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	38	59	58	0	0	0	0	2
[38] † Tetramerorhinus cingulatum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	19	76	72	0	5	0	0	2
[39] † Tetramerorhinus lucarius Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	18	78	73	0	5	0	0	2
[40] † Tetramerorhinus mixtum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	22	73	69	0	5	0	0	2
[41] † Thoatheriopsis mendocensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	77	20	19	0	0	0	0	2
[42] † Thoatherium minusculum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	20	75	71	0	5	0	0	2
[43] † Uruguayodon alius Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	73	21	21	0	2	0	0	2
[44] † Villarroelia totoyoi Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	31	65	65	0	0	0	0	2

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29159' (44 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Simoclaenus sylvaticus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	33	51	51	0	7	0	0	2
[2] † Tiuclaenus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	26	60	58	0	7	0	0	2
[3] † Miguelsoria parayirunhor Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	16	74	73	0	2	0	0	2
[4] † Protolipterna ellipsodontoides Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	11	81	78	0	2	0	0	2
[5] † Asmithwoodwardia scotti Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	26	63	63	0	2	0	0	2
[6] † Paranisolambda prodromus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	59	32	32	0	0	0	0	2
[7] † Ricardocifellia protocenica Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	24	65	64	0	3	0	0	2
[8] † Victorlemoinea prototypica Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	42	50	49	0	0	0	0	2
[9] † Lamegoia conodonta Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	35	59	54	0	2	0	0	2
[10] † Didolodus multicuspis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	12	77	77	0	2	0	0	2
[11] † Adiantoides leali Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	40	55	51	0	0	0	0	2
[12] † Indalecia grandensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	38	55	52	0	1	0	0	2
[13] † Polymorphis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	45	48	46	0	0	0	0	2
[14] † Cramauchenia normalis Taxon name last Modified on 02/10/23	20	73	71	0	0	0	0	2
[15] † Theosodon spp Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	7	84	83	0	1	0	0	2
[16] † Paramacrauchenia scamnata Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	48	44	43	0	0	0	0	2
[17] † Anisolambda Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	54	38	37	0	0	0	0	2
[18] † Megadolodus molariformis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	11	81	80	0	0	0	0	2
[19] † Neodolodus colombianus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	8	83	83	0	0	0	0	2
[20] † Anisolophus australis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	19	74	72	0	0	0	0	2
[21] † Anisolophus floweri Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	35	56	56	0	0	0	0	2
[22] † Brachytherium cuspidatum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	41	52	50	0	0	0	0	2
[23] † Diadiaphorus majusculus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	4	89	86	0	1	0	0	2
[24] † Diplasiotherium robustum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	70	21	21	0	0	0	0	2
[25] † Eoauchenia primitiva Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	67	25	24	0	0	0	0	2
[26] † Epitherium laternarium Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	53	38	38	0	0	0	0	2
[27] † Lambdaconus lacerum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	46	48	45	0	0	0	0	2
[28] † Lambdaconus suinus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	51	43	40	0	0	0	0	2
[29] † Neobrachytherium intermedium Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	37	56	54	0	0	0	0	2
[30] † Neobrachytherium morenoi Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	57	40	34	0	0	0	0	2
[31] † Neolicaphrium recens Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	42	50	49	0	0	0	0	2
[32] † Picturotherium migueli Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	56	35	35	0	0	0	0	2
[33] † Proectocion Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	75	17	16	0	0	0	0	2
[34] † Mesolicaphrium sanalfonense Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	34	58	57	0	0	0	0	2
[35] † Prolicaphrium specillatum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	27	66	64	0	0	0	0	2
[36] † Proterotherium cervioides Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	73	22	18	0	0	0	0	2
[37] † Protheosodon coniferus Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	33	59	58	0	0	0	0	2
[38] † Tetramerorhinus cingulatum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	19	76	72	0	0	0	0	2
[39] † Tetramerorhinus lucarius Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	18	78	73	0	0	0	0	2
[40] † Tetramerorhinus mixtum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	22	73	69	0	0	0	0	2
[41] † Thoatheriopsis mendocensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	72	20	19	0	0	0	0	2
[42] † Thoatherium minusculum Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	20	75	71	0	0	0	0	2
[43] † Uruguayodon alius Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	70	21	21	0	0	0	0	2
[44] † Villarroelia totoyoi Taxon name last Modified on 08/21/23	26	65	65	0	0	0	0	2

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	16
Matrix downloads	13	Reduced matrix (8 downloads); Reduced matrix. Discrete characters only (5 downloads);
Document downloads	2	Reduced matrix with TNT commands (1 download); xml file for Bayesian analysis (1 download);
Project downloads	1