Morphobank

Project 3401: J.D. Carrillo, C. Suarez, A. M. Benites-Palomino, A. Vanegas, A. Link, A. F. Rincón, J. Luque, S. B. Cooke, M. Tallman, G. Billet. 2023. New remains of Neotropical bunodont litopterns and the systematics of Megadolodinae (Mammalia: Litopterna) - REDUCED MATRICES. Geodiversitas. 45 (15):409-447.

Specimen: † Neodolodus colombianus Hoffstetter and Soria, 1986 (VPPLT:1696)
View: Cranium in lateral view

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Abstract

Litopterna is one the most diverse and long–lived clades of South American native ungulates. Megadolodus and Neodolodus are bunodont litoptern genera recorded in the middle Miocene tropical faunistic assemblage of La Venta (Colombia). Both taxa were initially identified as a didolodontid ‘condylarths’, but later reclassified into Proterotheriidae, within Litopterna. Previous studies proposed their inclusion within Proterotheriidae, but possible affinities with early litopterns and didolodontids have not been properly tested in phylogenetic analyses. We report new material of Megadolodus and Neodolodus from La Venta, which document new aspects of their upper and lower dentition, and we reassess their phylogenetic relationships with Litopterna and Didolodontidae. Using pre-existing matrices, we tested two alternative approaches of character construction for serial characters on the dentition in our phylogenetic analyses. Based on previously known and new fossil material, our analyses with
both coding approaches support for a close relationship between Megadolodus and Neodolodus, within Litopterna, and do not support a close relationship with Didolodontidae. At a less inclusive level the relationships of Megadolodinae within Litopterna vary depending on the coding approach used. However, all of our analyses unambiguously support the monophyly of Megadolodinae as a clade of Neotropical bunodont litopterns. While the discovery of these new remains enlightens part of the litoptern phylogeny, the sensitivity of our analyses to coding approaches further highlights the importance of critical evaluation of character construction in morphological phylogenetics.

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Article DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a15

Project DOI: 10.7934/P3401, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3401

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 2 Matrices 2 Documents 45 Taxa 1 Specimen 97 Characters Total size of project's media files: 417.08k Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 4973 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 187 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 230 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:178/9

Currently Viewing:
MorphoBank Project 3401

Creation Date:
25 February 2019
Publication Date:
21 August 2023
Project views: 2379
Matrix downloads: 8

Authors' Institutions

Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Natural History Museum, Paris)

Grand Valley State University

Harvard University

Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB)

University of Cambridge

Université de Fribourg (University of Fribourg)

University of Zurich (Universität Zürich)

Universidad de Los Andes

Universidad del Norte

Johns Hopkins University

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute

Universidad del Rosario

Members

Juan David Carrillo
Project Administrator

187

4859
(4746, 0, 113)

Guillaume Billet
Full membership

114
(114, 0, 0)

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M27682' (44 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Simoclaenus sylvaticus Last Modified in 08/21/23	38	51	51	0	7	0	0	2
[2] † Tiuclaenus Last Modified in 08/21/23	31	60	58	0	7	0	0	2
[3] † Miguelsoria parayirunhor Last Modified in 08/21/23	21	74	73	0	2	0	0	2
[4] † Protolipterna ellipsodontoides Last Modified in 08/21/23	16	81	78	0	2	0	0	2
[5] † Asmithwoodwardia scotti Last Modified in 08/21/23	31	63	63	0	2	0	0	2
[6] † Paranisolambda prodromus Last Modified in 08/21/23	64	32	32	0	0	0	0	2
[7] † Ricardocifellia protocenica Last Modified in 08/21/23	29	65	64	0	3	0	0	2
[8] † Victorlemoinea prototypica Last Modified in 08/21/23	47	50	49	0	0	0	0	2
[9] † Lamegoia conodonta Last Modified in 08/21/23	40	59	54	0	2	0	0	2
[10] † Didolodus multicuspis Last Modified in 08/21/23	15	77	77	0	4	0	0	2
[11] † Adiantoides leali Last Modified in 08/21/23	44	55	51	0	1	0	0	2
[12] † Indalecia grandensis Last Modified in 08/21/23	43	55	52	0	1	0	0	2
[13] † Polymorphis Last Modified in 08/21/23	50	48	46	0	0	0	0	2
[14] † Cramauchenia normalis Last Modified in 02/10/23	24	73	71	0	1	0	0	2
[15] † Theosodon spp Last Modified in 08/21/23	12	84	83	0	1	0	0	2
[16] † Paramacrauchenia scamnata Last Modified in 08/21/23	53	44	43	0	0	0	0	2
[17] † Anisolambda Last Modified in 08/21/23	59	38	37	0	0	0	0	2
[18] † Megadolodus molariformis Last Modified in 08/21/23	16	81	80	0	0	0	0	2
[19] † Neodolodus colombianus Last Modified in 08/21/23	13	83	83	0	0	0	0	2
[20] † Anisolophus australis Last Modified in 08/21/23	19	74	72	0	5	0	0	2
[21] † Anisolophus floweri Last Modified in 08/21/23	38	56	56	0	2	0	0	2
[22] † Brachytherium cuspidatum Last Modified in 08/21/23	44	52	50	0	2	0	0	2
[23] † Diadiaphorus majusculus Last Modified in 08/21/23	4	89	86	0	6	0	0	2
[24] † Diplasiotherium robustum Last Modified in 08/21/23	75	21	21	0	0	0	0	2
[25] † Eoauchenia primitiva Last Modified in 08/21/23	70	25	24	0	2	0	0	2
[26] † Epitherium laternarium Last Modified in 08/21/23	56	38	38	0	2	0	0	2
[27] † Lambdaconus lacerum Last Modified in 08/21/23	50	48	45	0	1	0	0	2
[28] † Lambdaconus suinus Last Modified in 08/21/23	55	43	40	0	1	0	0	2
[29] † Neobrachytherium intermedium Last Modified in 08/21/23	41	56	54	0	1	0	0	2
[30] † Neobrachytherium morenoi Last Modified in 08/21/23	62	40	34	0	0	0	0	2
[31] † Neolicaphrium recens Last Modified in 08/21/23	45	50	49	0	2	0	0	2
[32] † Picturotherium migueli Last Modified in 08/21/23	61	35	35	0	0	0	0	2
[33] † Proectocion Last Modified in 08/21/23	80	17	16	0	0	0	0	2
[34] † Mesolicaphrium sanalfonense Last Modified in 08/21/23	39	58	57	0	0	0	0	2
[35] † Prolicaphrium specillatum Last Modified in 08/21/23	28	66	64	0	4	0	0	2
[36] † Proterotherium cervioides Last Modified in 08/21/23	78	22	18	0	0	0	0	2
[37] † Protheosodon coniferus Last Modified in 08/21/23	38	59	58	0	0	0	0	2
[38] † Tetramerorhinus cingulatum Last Modified in 08/21/23	19	76	72	0	5	0	0	2
[39] † Tetramerorhinus lucarius Last Modified in 08/21/23	18	78	73	0	5	0	0	2
[40] † Tetramerorhinus mixtum Last Modified in 08/21/23	22	73	69	0	5	0	0	2
[41] † Thoatheriopsis mendocensis Last Modified in 08/21/23	77	20	19	0	0	0	0	2
[42] † Thoatherium minusculum Last Modified in 08/21/23	20	75	71	0	5	0	0	2
[43] † Uruguayodon alius Last Modified in 08/21/23	73	21	21	0	2	0	0	2
[44] † Villarroelia totoyoi Last Modified in 08/21/23	31	65	65	0	0	0	0	2

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29159' (44 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Simoclaenus sylvaticus Last Modified in 08/21/23	33	51	51	0	7	0	0	2
[2] † Tiuclaenus Last Modified in 08/21/23	26	60	58	0	7	0	0	2
[3] † Miguelsoria parayirunhor Last Modified in 08/21/23	16	74	73	0	2	0	0	2
[4] † Protolipterna ellipsodontoides Last Modified in 08/21/23	11	81	78	0	2	0	0	2
[5] † Asmithwoodwardia scotti Last Modified in 08/21/23	26	63	63	0	2	0	0	2
[6] † Paranisolambda prodromus Last Modified in 08/21/23	59	32	32	0	0	0	0	2
[7] † Ricardocifellia protocenica Last Modified in 08/21/23	24	65	64	0	3	0	0	2
[8] † Victorlemoinea prototypica Last Modified in 08/21/23	42	50	49	0	0	0	0	2
[9] † Lamegoia conodonta Last Modified in 08/21/23	35	59	54	0	2	0	0	2
[10] † Didolodus multicuspis Last Modified in 08/21/23	12	77	77	0	2	0	0	2
[11] † Adiantoides leali Last Modified in 08/21/23	40	55	51	0	0	0	0	2
[12] † Indalecia grandensis Last Modified in 08/21/23	38	55	52	0	1	0	0	2
[13] † Polymorphis Last Modified in 08/21/23	45	48	46	0	0	0	0	2
[14] † Cramauchenia normalis Last Modified in 02/10/23	20	73	71	0	0	0	0	2
[15] † Theosodon spp Last Modified in 08/21/23	7	84	83	0	1	0	0	2
[16] † Paramacrauchenia scamnata Last Modified in 08/21/23	48	44	43	0	0	0	0	2
[17] † Anisolambda Last Modified in 08/21/23	54	38	37	0	0	0	0	2
[18] † Megadolodus molariformis Last Modified in 08/21/23	11	81	80	0	0	0	0	2
[19] † Neodolodus colombianus Last Modified in 08/21/23	8	83	83	0	0	0	0	2
[20] † Anisolophus australis Last Modified in 08/21/23	19	74	72	0	0	0	0	2
[21] † Anisolophus floweri Last Modified in 08/21/23	35	56	56	0	0	0	0	2
[22] † Brachytherium cuspidatum Last Modified in 08/21/23	41	52	50	0	0	0	0	2
[23] † Diadiaphorus majusculus Last Modified in 08/21/23	4	89	86	0	1	0	0	2
[24] † Diplasiotherium robustum Last Modified in 08/21/23	70	21	21	0	0	0	0	2
[25] † Eoauchenia primitiva Last Modified in 08/21/23	67	25	24	0	0	0	0	2
[26] † Epitherium laternarium Last Modified in 08/21/23	53	38	38	0	0	0	0	2
[27] † Lambdaconus lacerum Last Modified in 08/21/23	46	48	45	0	0	0	0	2
[28] † Lambdaconus suinus Last Modified in 08/21/23	51	43	40	0	0	0	0	2
[29] † Neobrachytherium intermedium Last Modified in 08/21/23	37	56	54	0	0	0	0	2
[30] † Neobrachytherium morenoi Last Modified in 08/21/23	57	40	34	0	0	0	0	2
[31] † Neolicaphrium recens Last Modified in 08/21/23	42	50	49	0	0	0	0	2
[32] † Picturotherium migueli Last Modified in 08/21/23	56	35	35	0	0	0	0	2
[33] † Proectocion Last Modified in 08/21/23	75	17	16	0	0	0	0	2
[34] † Mesolicaphrium sanalfonense Last Modified in 08/21/23	34	58	57	0	0	0	0	2
[35] † Prolicaphrium specillatum Last Modified in 08/21/23	27	66	64	0	0	0	0	2
[36] † Proterotherium cervioides Last Modified in 08/21/23	73	22	18	0	0	0	0	2
[37] † Protheosodon coniferus Last Modified in 08/21/23	33	59	58	0	0	0	0	2
[38] † Tetramerorhinus cingulatum Last Modified in 08/21/23	19	76	72	0	0	0	0	2
[39] † Tetramerorhinus lucarius Last Modified in 08/21/23	18	78	73	0	0	0	0	2
[40] † Tetramerorhinus mixtum Last Modified in 08/21/23	22	73	69	0	0	0	0	2
[41] † Thoatheriopsis mendocensis Last Modified in 08/21/23	72	20	19	0	0	0	0	2
[42] † Thoatherium minusculum Last Modified in 08/21/23	20	75	71	0	0	0	0	2
[43] † Uruguayodon alius Last Modified in 08/21/23	70	21	21	0	0	0	0	2
[44] † Villarroelia totoyoi Last Modified in 08/21/23	26	65	65	0	0	0	0	2

Project views

type	number of views	Individual items viewed (where applicable)
Total project views	2379
Project overview	216
Media views	460	Media search (392 views); M845568 (68 views);
Matrix views	147	Matrix landing page (132 views); Reduced matrix. Discrete characters only (9 views); Reduced matrix (6 views);
Documents list	125
Bibliography	88
Views for media list	129
Specimen list	222
Taxon list	992

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	10
Matrix downloads	8	Reduced matrix (6 downloads); Reduced matrix. Discrete characters only (2 downloads);
Document downloads	2	Reduced matrix with TNT commands (1 download); xml file for Bayesian analysis (1 download);