Project 2184: S. Tarasov, F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello, F. Krell, D. Dimitrov. 2016. A review and phylogeny of Scarabaeine dung beetle fossils (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), with the description of twoCanthochilumspecies from Dominican amber. PeerJ. 4:e1988.
Abstract
Despite the increasing rate of systematic research on scarabaeine dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), their fossil record has remained largely unrevised. In this paper, we review all 33 named scarabaeine fossils and describe two new species from Dominican amber (Canthochilum alleni sp.n., Canthochilum philipsivieorum sp.n.). We provide a catalogue of all fossil Scarabaeinae and evaluate their assignment to this subfamily, based primarily on the original descriptions but also, where possible, by examining the type specimens. We suggest that only 21 fossil taxa can be reliably assigned to the Scarabaeinae, while the remaining 14 should be treated as doubtful Scarabaeinae. The doubtful scarabaeines include the two oldest dung beetle fossils known from the Cretaceous and we suggest excluding them from any assessments of the minimum age of scarabaeine dung beetles. The earliest reliably described scarabaeine fossil appears to be Lobateuchus parisii, known from Oise amber (France), which shifts the minimal age of the Scarabaeinae to the Eocene (53 Ma). We scored the best-preserved fossils, namely Lobateuchus and the two Canthochilum species described herein, into the character matrix used in a recent morphology-based study of dung beetles, and then inferred their phylogenetic relationships with Bayesian and parsimony methods. All analyses yielded consistent phylogenies where the two fossil Canthochilum are placed in a clade with the extant species of Canthochilum, and Lobateuchus is recovered in a clade with the extant genera Ateuchus and Aphengium. Additionally, we evaluated the distribution of dung beetle fossils in the light of current global dung beetle phylogenetic hypotheses, geological time and biogeography. The presence of only extant genera in the late Oligocene and all later records suggests that the main present-day dung beetle lineages had already been established by the late Oligocene–mid Miocene.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1988
Project DOI: 10.7934/P2184, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2184
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 22946 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 205 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 412 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:205/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 2184
MorphoBank Project 2184
- Creation Date:
30 May 2015 - Publication Date:
02 May 2016 - Project views: 71970
- Media downloads: 1
- Matrix downloads: 8
Authors' Institutions
- University of Oslo
- Denver Museum of Nature and Science
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT)
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | media notes | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||||||||||
Sergei Tarasov Project Administrator | 114 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22946 (22358, 0, 588) | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M23360' (114 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Aphodius erraticus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] Podotenus fulviventris Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] Aulonocnemis crassecostata Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] Manjarivolo sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] Coptorhina auspicata Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] Delopleurus sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] Frankenbergerius armatus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] Sarophorus costatus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] Odontoloma sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] Nebulasilvius insularis Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] Endroedyolus paradoxus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] Dicranocara deschodti Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] Byrrhidium namaquensis Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] Paraphytus sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] Epirinus sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] Neosisyphus sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] Macroderes mutilans Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[18] Xinidium dentilabris Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[19] Pedaria sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 1 | 204 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[20] Gyronotus carinatus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[21] Anachalcos convexus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[22] Hammondantus psammophilus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[23] Pycnopanelus krikkeni Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[24] Janssensantus pauliani Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[25] Aphengoecus multiserratus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[26] Bohepilissus sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 2 | 182 | 182 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[27] Circellium bacchus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[28] Dwesasilvasedis medinae Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[29] Coptodactyla nitida Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[30] Amphistomus calcaratus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[31] Aulacopris maximus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[32] Canthonosoma macleayi Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[33] Boletoscapter cornutus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[34] Gen. nov. sp. nov. Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[35] Cephalodesmius armiger Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[36] Coproecus hemisphaericus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[37] Demarziella interrupta Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[38] Diorygopyx tibialis Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[39] Mentophilus hollandiae Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[40] Onthobium gutierrez Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[41] Pseudonthobium sinuatotibiale Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[42] Tesserodon erratum Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[43] Saphobius sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[44] Bdelyrus seminudus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[45] Tesserodoniella elguetai Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[46] Canthonella silphoides Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 7 | 198 | 198 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[47] Cryptocanthon paradoxus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[48] Paracanthon sp sp n Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[49] Streblopus opatroides Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[50] Zonocopris gibbicollis Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[51] Genieridium margareteae Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[52] Onoreidium howdeni Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[53] Trichillum pauliani Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[54] Scatimus strandi Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[55] Aphengium cupreum Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[56] Agamopus lampros Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[57] Agamopus viridis Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[58] Canthidium bokermanni Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[59] Chalcocopris hesperus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[60] Dichotomius sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[61] Dichotomius sericeus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[62] Homocopris torulosus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[63] Ontherus appendiculatus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[64] Uroxys latesulcatus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[65] Uroxys epipleuralis Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[66] Uroxys pauliani Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[67] Bdelyropsis bowditchi Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[68] Canthon virens Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[69] Malagoniella yucateca Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[70] Megathoposoma candezei Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[71] Scybalophagus rugosus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[72] Deltochilum sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[73] Scybalocanthon nigriceps Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[74] Hansreia sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[75] Silvicanthon bridarollii Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[76] Tetraechma sanguineomaculata Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[77] Anomiopus edmondsi Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[78] Scatonomus fasciculatus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[79] Sinapisoma sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[80] Heliocopris sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 2 | 203 | 202 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[81] Catharsius sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[82] Metacatharsius sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[83] Copris sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[84] Pseudopedaria grossa Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[85] Microcopris sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[86] Gromphas aeruginosa Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[87] Coprophanaeus telamon Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[88] Oruscatus davus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[89] Phanaeus splendidulus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[90] Ennearabdus lobocephalus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[91] Eucranium arachnoides Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[92] Glyphoderus monticola Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[93] Eurysternus hamaticollis Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[94] Pachysoma aesculapius Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[95] Scarabaeus aegyptiorum Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[96] Paragymnopleurus sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 1 | 204 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[97] Gymnopleurus leei Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 1 | 204 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[98] Epactoides sp1 Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[99] Epactoides sp2 Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 2 | 203 | 203 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[100] Ochicanthon sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[101] Apotolamprus quadrimaculatus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[102] Arachnodes sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[103] Tanzanolus sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[104] Onthophagus avocetta Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[105] Helictopleurus quadripunctatus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[106] Bubas bison Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[107] Onitis sp Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[108] Ateuchus squalidus Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[109] Ateuchus histeroides Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 0 | 205 | 205 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[110] † Lobateuchus parisii Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 147 | 58 | 58 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[111] Canthochilum tureyra Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 6 | 199 | 199 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[112] Canthochilum oakleyi Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 6 | 199 | 199 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[113] † Canthochilum alleni Last Modified in 05/30/15 | 124 | 81 | 81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[114] † Canthochilum philipsivieorum Last Modified in 10/15/15 | 125 | 80 | 80 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 71970 | |
Project overview | 3349 | |
Matrix views | 2058 | Matrix landing page (1849 views); Character Matrix of extant and fossil Scarabaeinae (209 views); |
Taxon list | 18421 | |
Media views | 23664 | Media search (5311 views); M377968 (790 views); M377978 (672 views); M377973 (703 views); M377983 (679 views); M377979 (722 views); M377976 (681 views); M377981 (698 views); M377963 (730 views); M377972 (651 views); M377959 (668 views); M377974 (661 views); M377961 (621 views); M377958 (715 views); M377975 (670 views); M377964 (789 views); M377970 (720 views); M377982 (743 views); M377977 (726 views); M377966 (673 views); M377965 (729 views); M377980 (695 views); M377962 (783 views); M377960 (726 views); M377971 (737 views); M377967 (703 views); M377969 (668 views); |
Bibliography | 1172 | |
Specimen list | 23298 | |
Documents list | 8 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 295 | |
Matrix downloads | 8 | Character Matrix of extant and fossil Scarabaeinae (8 downloads); |
Project downloads | 286 | |
Media downloads | 1 | M377968 (1 download); |