Project 2218: Fabrice Lihoreau, Jean-Renaud Boisserie, Fredrick Kyalo Manthi, Stéphane Ducrocq. 2015. Hippos stem from the longest sequence of terrestrial cetartiodactyl evolution in Africa. Nature Communications. 6:Article number: 6264.
Abstract
According to molecular data, hippopotamuses and cetaceans form a clade excluding other extant cetartiodactyls. Despite a wealth of spectacular specimens documenting cetacean evolution, this relationship remains poorly substantiated by the fossil record. Indeed, the evolutionary path leading from the hippo-cetacean ancestor to Hippopotamidae is plagued by missing fossil data and phylogenetic uncertainties. Only an origination within the extinct anthracotheres is compatible with molecular results, substantial filling of phyletic gaps and recent discoveries of early Miocene hippopotamids. Yet, the anthracothere stock that gave rise to Hippopotamidae has not been identified. Consequently, recent phylogenetic accounts do not properly integrate the anthracotheriid hypothesis, and relate Hippopotamidae to a stretched ghost lineage and/or close to Suina. Here we describe a new anthracothere from Lokone (Kenya) that unambiguously roots the Hippopotamidae into a well-identified group of bothriodontines, the first large mammals to invade Africa. The hippos are deeply anchored into the African Paleogene.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7264
Project DOI: 10.7934/P2218, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2218
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 7442 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 164 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 383 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:164/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 2218
MorphoBank Project 2218
- Creation Date:
20 July 2015 - Publication Date:
23 July 2015 - Project views: 31517
- Matrix downloads: 7
Authors' Institutions
- National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi
- Université de Poitiers (University of Poitiers)
- Universite de Montpellier
- French Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 54 | 0 | 0 | 164 | 0 | 0 | 7442 (7291, 0, 151) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Maureen Admin Full membership | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Jean-Renaud Boisserie Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Fabrice Lihoreau Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M23458' (54 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Dichobune leporina Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 17 | 143 | 143 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[2] † Cebochoerus campichii Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 6 | 155 | 155 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[3] † Cebochoerus depereti Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 17 | 145 | 145 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[4] † Siamotherium krabiense Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 8 | 156 | 155 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[5] † Anthracokeryx tenuis Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 31 | 134 | 132 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[6] † Anthracokeryx thailandicus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 47 | 118 | 117 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[7] † Microbunodon minimum Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 1 | 162 | 162 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[8] † H occidentalis Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 26 | 137 | 137 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[9] † Anthracotherium chaimanei Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 40 | 125 | 124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[10] † Anthracotherium magnum Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 2 | 164 | 162 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[11] † Myaingtherium kenyapotamoides Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 44 | 119 | 119 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[12] † Bothriogenys orientalis Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 42 | 123 | 122 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[13] † Bothriogenys fraasi Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 40 | 124 | 124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[14] † Bothriogenys gorringei Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 16 | 152 | 148 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[15] † Bothriogenys andrewsi Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 117 | 47 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[16] † Brachyodus aequatorialis Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 24 | 143 | 140 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[17] † Brachyodus onoideus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 1 | 164 | 163 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[18] † Brachyodus depereti Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 42 | 121 | 120 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[19] † Bothriodon velaunus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 20 | 144 | 144 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[20] † Aepinacodon Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 32 | 133 | 132 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[21] † Elomeryx crispus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 20 | 147 | 144 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[22] † Elomeryx borbonicus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 1 | 166 | 163 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[23] † Afromeryx zelteni Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 16 | 147 | 146 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[24] † Sivameryx paleindicus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 15 | 140 | 139 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[25] † Merycopotamus nanus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 5 | 157 | 156 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[26] † Merycopotamus dissimilis Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 6 | 155 | 155 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[27] † Libycosaurus anisae Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 6 | 158 | 156 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[28] † Libycosaurus bahri Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 1 | 153 | 152 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[29] † Lokone Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 41 | 125 | 122 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[30] † Morotochoerus ugandanensis Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 86 | 80 | 77 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[31] † Kenyapotamus coryndonae Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 22 | 147 | 141 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[32] † Archaeopotamus harvardi Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 18 | 145 | 141 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[33] † Hexaprotodon garyam Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 0 | 167 | 160 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[34] † Palaeochoerus Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 4 | 158 | 155 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[35] † Kenyasus Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 5 | 156 | 155 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[36] † Perchoerus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 38 | 124 | 122 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[37] † Amphimeryx murinus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 7 | 146 | 146 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[38] † Khirtaria Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 74 | 90 | 88 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[39] † Gobiohyus Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 57 | 105 | 105 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[40] † Mixtotherium Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 23 | 138 | 138 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[41] † Lophiomeryx chalanati Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 27 | 130 | 130 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[42] † Homacodon Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 75 | 88 | 88 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[43] † Xiphodon castrense Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 31 | 132 | 131 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[44] † Diplobune minor Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 0 | 163 | 162 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[45] † Gujaratia Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 5 | 147 | 147 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[46] † B lysitensis Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 60 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[47] † Dacrytherium ovinum Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 28 | 133 | 133 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[48] † Paroxacron valdense Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 13 | 138 | 138 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[49] † Entelodon Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 3 | 158 | 157 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[50] † Indohyus Last Modified in 07/23/15 | 64 | 96 | 96 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[51] † Merycoidon Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 32 | 128 | 128 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[52] † Archeomeryx Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 32 | 129 | 128 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[53] † Amphiragha Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 39 | 127 | 125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[54] † Hallebune Last Modified in 07/21/15 | 56 | 109 | 107 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 31517 | |
Project overview | 3184 | |
Media views | 5593 | Media search (4898 views); M381840 (695 views); |
Matrix views | 2176 | Matrix landing page (1851 views); Epirigenys_Lihoreau et al. 2015 (325 views); |
Views for media list | 1694 | |
Specimen list | 2721 | |
Bibliography | 1167 | |
Taxon list | 14978 | |
Documents list | 4 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 325 | |
Project downloads | 318 | |
Matrix downloads | 7 | Epirigenys_Lihoreau et al. 2015 (7 downloads); |