Project 266: N. B. Simmons, T. M. Conway. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of mormoopid bats (Chiroptera: Mormoopidae) based on morphological data. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 258:1-97.
Abstract
Mormoopidae is a small family of Neotropical microchiropteran bats that includes two genera (Mormoops and Pteronotus) and ten species, two of which are known only from fossils. Mormoopidae is typically classified as a member of Noctilionoidea, a group that minimallyincludes two other Neotropical families (Phyllostomidae and Noctilionidae) and may also include Mystacinidae, a taxon endemic to New Zealand and Australia. Phylogenetic relationships of extant mormoopid species and one extinct taxon, Pteronotus pristinus, were investigated in a series of parsimony analyses of 209 morphological characters including features of the skull, dentition, vomeronasal organ complex and brain, trachea and hyoid apparatus, tongue, face, ears, pelage, patagia, postcranial skeleton, postcranial myology, reproductive tract, and digestive tract. Three extant phyllostomid species, two noctilionids, two mystacinids, and one emballonurid species were included as outgroups to test monophyly of Mormoopidae and to provide a context for determining the sister group of the family. Results of parsimony analyses under a variety of different assumption sets indicate that Mormoopidae is monophyletic, and that Pteronotus and Mormoops are monophyletic sister taxa. Within the genus Pteronotus, several clades were repeatedly recovered: (1) P. davyi P. gymnonotus (subgenus Pteronotus); (2) P. macleayi P. quadridens; (3) P. personatus P. macleayi P. quadridens (subgenus Chilonycteris); (4) P. parnellii P. pristinus P. personatus P. macleayi P. quadridens; and (5) P. parnellii P. pristinus ( subgenus Phyllodia). These results support monophyly of all subgenera of Pteronotus previously recognized, and additionally indicate that the subgenera Pteronotus and Chilonycteris are sister taxa. Comprehensive diagnoses for each species and clade of Mormoopidae are provided based on character optimizations and ancillary morphometric data from the literature. Results of our parsimony analyses also have implications for understanding higher-level phylogeny of noctilionoid bats. Monophyly of each of the traditionally recognized families (i.e., Noctilionidae, Mystacinidae, Mormoopidae, and Phyllostomidae) was strongly supported. In congruence with recent analyses of mitochondrial gene-sequence data and DNA hybridization experiments, we found strong support for inclusion of Mystacinidae in Noctilionoidea. Using an emballonurid species to root the tree, we found the following interfamilial relationships of noctilionoids: (Noctilionidae (Mystacinidae (Phyllostomidae, Mormoopidae))). Lists of morphological synapomorphies of each of these groups are provided based on character optimizations.
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Project DOI: 10.7934/P266, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P266
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 2902 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 209 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 532 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:209/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 266
MorphoBank Project 266
- Creation Date:
27 March 2009 - Publication Date:
27 March 2009 - Project views: 25327
- Media downloads: 1
- Matrix downloads: 29
Authors' Institutions
- American Museum of Natural History
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | media notes | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||||||
Nancy Simmons Project Administrator | 26 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 209 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2902 (2867, 0, 35) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M677' (17 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Saccopteryx bilineata Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 18 | 183 | 183 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] Noctilio albiventris Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 33 | 172 | 172 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] Noctilio leporinus Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 11 | 194 | 194 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] Mystacina robusta Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 57 | 148 | 148 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] Mystacina tuberculata Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 81 | 125 | 125 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] Macrotus waterhousii Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 14 | 194 | 194 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] Macrotus californicus Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 25 | 183 | 183 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] Artibeus jamaicensis Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 15 | 192 | 192 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] Pteronotus parnellii Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 0 | 209 | 209 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] Pteronotus pristinus Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 176 | 33 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] Pteronotus personotus Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 32 | 175 | 175 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] Pteronotus macleayii Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 34 | 175 | 175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] Pterontous quadridens Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 34 | 173 | 173 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] Pteronotus davyi Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 29 | 178 | 178 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] Pteronotus gymnonotus Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 37 | 172 | 172 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] Mormoops blainvillii Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 34 | 174 | 174 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] Mormoops megalophylla Last Modified in 12/05/13 | 21 | 187 | 187 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 25327 | |
Project overview | 4167 | |
Media views | 5677 | Media search (4825 views); M26814 (852 views); |
Matrix views | 2623 | Matrix landing page (2304 views); Mormoopid data (318 views); Simmons and Geisler matrix (1 view); |
Taxon list | 9041 | |
Specimen list | 3311 | |
Documents list | 3 | |
Views for media list | 314 | |
Bibliography | 191 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 366 | |
Project downloads | 334 | |
Matrix downloads | 29 | Mormoopid data (29 downloads); |
Media downloads | 1 | M26814 (1 download); |
Document downloads | 2 | 2D Procrustes Coordinates from braincase, plus morphology and molecules (1 download); Procrustes Coordinates from eustachian system analysis, plus morphology and molecules (1 download); |