Project 2810: Alexander C. Bippus, Ignacio E. Escapa, Alexandru M.F. Tomescu. 2018. Wanted dead or alive (probably dead): stem group Polytrichaceae. American Journal of Botany. 105 (8):1243-1263.
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Two well-characterized fossil Polytrichaceae (Meantoinea alophosioides and Eopolytrichum antiquum) morphologically and anatomically similar to basal and derived members of the family, are known from Cretaceous rocks. To assess the phylogenetic positions of these fossils and compare hypotheses of relationships recovered using molecular vs morphological methods, we conduct a comprehensive morphology-based phylogenetic study of Polytrichaceae.METHODS: We evaluate the phylogenetic relationships of Polytrichaceae using a dataset of 100 morphological characters (including 11 continuously varying traits codified as continuous characters) scored for 44 species of acrocarpous mosses (including the two fossils), and parsimony as the optimality criterion.
KEY RESULTS: Continuous characters significantly increase the resolving power of the analyses. The overall ingroup topology is sensitive to rooting as determined by outgroup selection, with some analyses yielding results that are incongruent with those of molecular studies. Both fossils have stable phylogenetic relationships, irrespective of outgroup sampling.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that morphology is useful in resolving phylogenetic relationships in the Polytrichaceae, if both discrete and continuous characters are used. However, our rooting experiments demonstrate that there is no superior way to root analyses and indicate that relationships within the family are best evaluated using unrooted networks without outgroup taxa. These rooting problems suggest that additional information is needed to understand the phylogenetic relationships of Polytrichaceae. Such additional information could come from fossils of stem group polytrichaceous mosses, which await discovery.
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Article DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1096
Project DOI: 10.7934/P2810, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2810
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 3959 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 100 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 203 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:100/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 2810
MorphoBank Project 2810
- Creation Date:
19 January 2018 - Publication Date:
07 June 2018 - Project views: 10834
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio
- Oregon State University
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
- California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt (Humboldt State University)
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
Alexander Bippus Project Administrator | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
MorphoBank Curator Full membership | 45 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 3959 (3013, 0, 946) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29550' (45 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Shpagnum palustre Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 12 | 44 | 42 | 0 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[2] Tetraphis pellucida Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 16 | 51 | 50 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[3] Alophosia azorica Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 12 | 67 | 66 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[4] Notoligotrichum compressum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 22 | 67 | 66 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[5] Atrichum angustatum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 6 | 75 | 74 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[6] Atrichum crispum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 7 | 74 | 72 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[7] Atrichum undulatum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 4 | 79 | 77 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[8] Bartramiopsis lescurii Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 11 | 68 | 66 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[9] Dawsonia papuana Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 20 | 63 | 62 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[10] Dawsonia superba Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 8 | 74 | 72 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[11] Dendroligotrichum dendroides Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 19 | 69 | 67 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[12] † Eopolytrichum antiquum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 38 | 45 | 45 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[13] Hebantia rigidita Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 8 | 74 | 74 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[14] Itatiella ulei Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 13 | 64 | 61 | 0 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[15] Lyellia aspera Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 7 | 72 | 70 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[16] Lyellia crispa Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 15 | 69 | 67 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[17] Polytrichastrum lyallii Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 10 | 76 | 74 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[18] Pogonatum sinense Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 8 | 75 | 74 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[19] Notoligotrichum australe Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 13 | 70 | 68 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[20] Notoligotrichum crispulum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 17 | 75 | 70 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[21] Oligotrichum hercynicum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 9 | 77 | 75 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[22] Oligotrichum parallelum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 6 | 78 | 77 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[23] Pogonatum contortum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 7 | 78 | 75 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[24] Pogonatum pensilvanicum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 6 | 76 | 75 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[25] Pogonatum urnigerum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 3 | 78 | 76 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[26] Pogonatum volvatum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 12 | 70 | 69 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[27] Polytrichadelphus magellanicus Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 8 | 80 | 77 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[28] Polytrichastrum alpinum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 1 | 83 | 81 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[29] Polytrichum formosum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 5 | 80 | 78 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[30] Polytrichum longisetum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 19 | 64 | 63 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[31] Polytrichum commune Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 0 | 81 | 81 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[32] Polytrichum piliferum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 2 | 80 | 80 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[33] Pogonatum nudiusculum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 15 | 73 | 71 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[34] Pogonatum philippinense Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 10 | 72 | 69 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[35] Psilopilum laevigatum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 9 | 78 | 74 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[36] Pogonatum camusii Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 11 | 64 | 64 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[37] Pogonatum piliferum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 13 | 66 | 65 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[38] Steereobryon subulirostrum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 5 | 77 | 76 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[39] † Meantoinea alophosioides Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 62 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[40] Oedipodium griffithanianum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 26 | 42 | 41 | 0 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[41] Andreaea rupestris Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 24 | 37 | 36 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[42] Buxbaumia aphylla Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 32 | 39 | 38 | 0 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[43] Funaria hygrometrica Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 20 | 52 | 49 | 0 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[44] Timmia sibirca Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 20 | 57 | 56 | 0 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[45] Diphyscium foliosum Last Modified in 11/21/23 | 22 | 50 | 48 | 0 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 10834 | |
Project overview | 1575 | |
Documents list | 870 | |
Media views | 3116 | Media search (2605 views); M584416 (511 views); |
Taxon list | 1821 | |
Views for media list | 1025 | |
Specimen list | 1658 | |
Bibliography | 666 | |
Matrix views | 103 | Matrix landing page (100 views); Matrix from Bippus et al. (2018) - compiled by curators from original material uploaded by the authors (3 views); |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 168 | |
Document downloads | 6 | TNT matrix for Bippus et al. 2018 (6 downloads); |
Project downloads | 162 |