Project 3187: J. A. Hopson, J. W. Kitching. 2001. A probainognathian cynodont from South Africa and the phylogeny of nonmammalian cynodonts. Early Evolution of the Synapsida (book). 156:5-35.
Abstract
A new small cynodont from subzone B of the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone (earliest Middle Triassic) of South Africa is described as Lumkuia fuzzi. It is represented by a nearly complete skull and lower jaw, a shoulder girdle and forelimb, and articulated dorsal and caudal vertebrae. It is placed in the eucynodont clade Probainognathia on the basis of four unequivocal synapomorphies, including absence of a parietal foramen and expanded plates on the ribs and a secondary palate extending posteriorly to the level of the orbit. Lumkuia is the oldest and mostprimitive probainognathian represented by adequate material. A cladistic analysis strongly supports the monophyly of Cynodontia, Epicynodontia (a new taxon Galesaurus, Thrinaxodon, and including eucynodonts), and Eucvnodontia. The analysis also supports
the eucynodont clades Probainognathia and Cynognathia, and Gomphodontia as a subgroup of the latter. Within Probainognathia, a chiniquodontid clade and a tritheledontid + mammaliaform clade are well ported. Probainognathus is sister to the latter clade, but this node breaks down in trees two steps longer than the shortest tree. Tritylodontids are deeply nested within the traversodont gomphodonts, with "Scalenodon" hirschoni weakly supported as their sister taxon.
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Project DOI: 10.7934/P3187, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3187
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 2183 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 101 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 237 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:101/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 3187
MorphoBank Project 3187
- Creation Date:
17 May 2018 - Publication Date:
18 May 2018 - Project views: 16924
- Matrix downloads: 6
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- University of Chicago
- University of the Witwatersrand
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 25 | 2 | 1 | 101 | 0 | 0 | 2183 (2183, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
MorphoBank Curator Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M25456' (25 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Gorgonopsid Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 13 | 88 | 88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[2] † Lycosuchus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 13 | 88 | 88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[3] † Dvinia Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 18 | 83 | 83 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[4] † Procynosuchus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 10 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[5] † Galesaurus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 10 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[6] † Thrinaxodon Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 8 | 93 | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[7] † Cynognathus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 10 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[8] † Diademodon Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 5 | 96 | 96 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[9] † Trirachodon Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 3 | 98 | 98 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[10] † Pascualgnathus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 8 | 93 | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[11] † Scalenodon angustifrons Last Modified in 05/18/18 | 17 | 84 | 84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[12] † Mandagomphodon Last Modified in 05/18/18 | 31 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[13] † Luangwa Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 7 | 94 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[14] † Massetognathus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 1 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[15] † Gomphodontosuchus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 32 | 69 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[16] † Exaeretodon Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 4 | 97 | 97 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[17] † Tritylodontidae Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 4 | 97 | 97 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[18] † Lumkuia fuzzi Last Modified in 05/18/18 | 20 | 81 | 81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[19] † Probainognathus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 14 | 87 | 87 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[20] † Ecteninion Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 33 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[21] † Probelesodon Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 11 | 90 | 90 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[22] † Aleodon Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 33 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[23] † Chiniquodon Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 17 | 84 | 84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[24] † Pachygenelus Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 10 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[25] † Morganucodon Last Modified in 05/17/18 | 10 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 16924 | |
Project overview | 1477 | |
Taxon list | 6448 | |
Matrix views | 1082 | Matrix landing page (888 views); Hopson and Kitching (2001) (194 views); |
Documents list | 834 | |
Media views | 3189 | Media search (2696 views); M565504 (493 views); |
Specimen list | 2109 | |
Views for media list | 1041 | |
Bibliography | 744 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 197 | |
Project downloads | 191 | |
Matrix downloads | 6 | Hopson and Kitching (2001) (6 downloads); |