Project 3569: J. Chen, G. S. Bever, H. Yi, M. A. Norell. 2016. A burrowing frog from the late Paleocene of Mongolia uncovers a deep history of spadefoot toads (Pelobatoidea) in East Asia. Scientific Reports. 6 (1):19209.
Abstract
Fossils are indispensible in understanding the evolutionary origins of the modern fauna. Crown-group spadefoot toads (Anura: Pelobatoidea) are the best-known fossorial frog clade to inhabit arid environments, with species utilizing a characteristic bony spade on their foot for burrowing. Endemic to the Northern Hemisphere, they are distributed across the Holarctic except East Asia. Here we report a rare fossil of a crown-group spadefoot toad from the late Paleocene of Mongolia. The phylogenetic analysis using both morphological and molecular information recovered this Asian fossil inside the modern North American pelobatoid clade Scaphiopodidae. The presence of a spade and the phylogenetic position of the new fossil frog strongly support its burrowing behavior. The late Paleocene age and other information suggestive of a mild climate cast doubt on the conventional assertion that burrowing evolved as an adaptation to aridity in spadefoot toads. Temporally and geographically, the new fossil provides the earliest record of Scaphiopodidae worldwide, and the only member of the group in Asia. Quantitative biogeographic analysis suggests that Scaphiopodidae, despite originating in North America, dispersed into East Asia via Beringia in the Early Cenozoic. The absence of spadefoot toads in East Asia today is a result of extinction.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1038/srep19209
Project DOI: 10.7934/P3569, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3569
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 3184 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 97 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 239 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:97/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 3569
MorphoBank Project 3569
- Creation Date:
31 October 2019 - Publication Date:
08 August 2022 - Project views: 6918
- Matrix downloads: 2
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- Columbia University
- University of Edinburgh
- American Museum of Natural History
- New York Institute of Technology
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Ana Andruchow-Colombo Full membership | 43 | 0 | 0 | 97 | 0 | 0 | 3184 (3184, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Mark Norell Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M26367' (43 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Triadobatrachus massinoti Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 38 | 59 | 59 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[2] † Czatkobatrachus polonicus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 86 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[3] † Prosalirus bitis Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 71 | 27 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[4] † Vieraella herbsti Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 48 | 50 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[5] † Notobatrachus degiustoi Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 26 | 73 | 71 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[6] Ascaphus truei Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 10 | 87 | 87 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[7] Leiopelma hochstetteri Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 7 | 90 | 90 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[8] Alytes obstetricans Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 9 | 88 | 88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[9] Barbourula busuangensis Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 8 | 89 | 89 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[10] Bombina orientalis Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 4 | 94 | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[11] Discoglossus pictus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 3 | 95 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[12] † Eodiscoglossus santonjae Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 44 | 54 | 53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[13] † Liaobatrachus sanyanensis Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 40 | 57 | 57 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[14] † Liaobatrachus beipiaoensis Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 45 | 52 | 52 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[15] Pipa pipa Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 7 | 94 | 90 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[16] Xenopus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 6 | 94 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[17] Rhinophrynus dorsalis Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 11 | 86 | 86 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[18] † Palaeobatrachus diluvianus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 35 | 64 | 62 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[19] † Neusibatrachus wilferti Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 55 | 43 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[20] Hyla Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 12 | 87 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[21] Limnodynastes peronii Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 11 | 89 | 86 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[22] † Liaobatrachus macilentus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 53 | 44 | 44 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[23] Pelodytes caucasicus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 9 | 88 | 88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[24] Pelodytes punctatus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 10 | 87 | 87 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[25] Pelodytes ibericus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 10 | 87 | 87 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[26] Megophrys nasuta Last Modified in 04/30/20 | 18 | 80 | 79 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[27] † Elkobatrachus brocki Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 43 | 54 | 54 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[28] † Prospea holoserisca Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 33 | 66 | 64 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[29] Spea multiplicata Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 5 | 93 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[30] Spea hammondii Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 16 | 81 | 81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[31] Spea intermontana Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 5 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[32] Spea bombifrons Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 4 | 93 | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[33] Scaphiopus hurterii Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 12 | 85 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[34] Scaphiopus holbrookii Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 8 | 89 | 89 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[35] Scaphiopus couchii Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 9 | 88 | 88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[36] † Macropelobates osborni Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 44 | 53 | 53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[37] † Eopelobates anthracinus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 36 | 61 | 61 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[38] † Pelobates decheni Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 54 | 43 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[39] Pelobates varaldii Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 13 | 84 | 84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[40] Pelobates cultripes Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 5 | 94 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[41] Pelobates fuscus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 4 | 95 | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[42] Pelobates syriacus Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 12 | 85 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
[43] † Gobiates spinari Last Modified in 12/14/21 | 38 | 59 | 59 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 6918 | |
Project overview | 395 | |
Matrix views | 297 | Matrix landing page (265 views); Character matrix (32 views); |
Media views | 1082 | Media search (910 views); M687815 (172 views); |
Documents list | 241 | |
Specimen list | 555 | |
Taxon list | 2938 | |
Views for media list | 1184 | |
Bibliography | 226 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 3 | |
Project downloads | 1 | |
Matrix downloads | 2 | Character matrix (2 downloads); |