Project 4598: M. Rossini, V. Grebennikov, T. Merrien, A. Miraldo, H. Viljanen, S. Tarasov. 2022. Paleogene forest fragmentation and out‐of‐Africa dispersal explain radiation of the Paleotropical dung beetle tribe Epactoidini trib. nov. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae). Systematic Entomology. 47 (4):655-667.
Abstract
Paleotropical clades with largely disjunct distributions are ideal models for biogeographic reconstructions. The dung beetle genera Grebennikovius Mlambo, Scholtz & Deschodt, Epactoides Olsouffief and Ochicanthon Vaz-de-Mello are distributed in Tanzania, Madagascar and Réunion, and the Oriental region, respectively. We combine morphology and molecular dataset to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships between these taxa. Our analyses corroborate previous hypotheses of monophyly of the group, which is here described as new tribe Epactoidini trib. nov. Grebennikovius is recovered as sister to Epactoides, while Ochicanthon emerges as sister to them both. The disjunct distribution of our focal clade is unusual within the subfamily Scarabaeinae. Bayesian divergence time estimates and ancestral range reconstructions indicate an African origin of the crown group of the tribe Epactoidini trib. nov. in the early mid Eocene, ca. 46 Ma. The divergence between Epactoides and its sister is dated to 32.3 Ma, while the crown age for the genus Ochicanthon is dated to 27 Ma. We investigate the factors that may have shaped the current distribution of the tribe Epactoidini trib. nov. The formation of the Gomphotherium landbridge, along with favourable environmental conditions would have allowed dry-intolerant organisms, such as Ochicanthon, to disperse out of Africa. Remarkable climatic stability of the Eastern Arc Mountains was critical for the retention of the monotypic genus Grebennikovius. We suggest two subsequent overwater dispersal events: the migration of the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of Epactoides from Africa to Madagascar (32.3–29.5 Ma); the lately dispersal of the MRCA of the today's extinct Epactoides giganteus Rossini, Vaz-de-Mello & Montreuil to Réunion island from Madagascar (3.4 Ma). We suggest that the high potential of dispersal of Epactoidini trib. nov. dung beetles and the strict association to forest habitat might have triggered two major radiations, one in Madagascar and one in the Oriental Region.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1111/syen.12564
Project DOI: 10.7934/P4598, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P4598
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 7473 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 103 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 206 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:103/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 4598
MorphoBank Project 4598
- Creation Date:
17 March 2023 - Publication Date:
17 March 2023 - Project views: 4565
- Matrix downloads: 3
Authors' Institutions
- Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska riksmuseet) Stockholm
- Finnish Museum of Natural History
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 74 | 7 | 7 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 7473 (7389, 0, 84) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Michele Rossini Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29197' (74 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Epactoides sp SM2013 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[2] Epactoides frontalis Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[3] Epactoides helenae Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[4] Epactoides incertus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[5] Epactoides mahaboi Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[6] Epactoides major Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[7] Epactoides masoalae Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[8] Epactoides perrieri Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[9] Epactoides rahagai Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[10] Epactoides semiaeneus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[11] Epactoides viridicollis Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[12] Epactoides tiinae Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[13] Epactoides spinicollis Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[14] Epactoides mangabeensis Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[15] Epactoides madecassus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[16] Epactoides sp 1 MTM2009 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 11 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[17] Epactoides sp 3 MTM2009 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 11 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[18] Epactoides sp AleMAZ7301 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 11 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[19] Epactoides sp BMNH669891 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 11 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[20] Epactoides sp BMNH669910 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 11 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[21] Epactoides sp BMNH669960 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 11 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[22] Epactoides olsoufieffi Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[23] Epactoides hanskii Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 11 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[24] Epactoides giganteus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 35 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[25] Ochicanthon vazdemelloi Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[26] Ochicanthon edmonsi Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[27] Ochicanthon neglectus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 33 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[28] Ochicanthon woroae Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[29] Ochicanthon cripticus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[30] Ochicanthon hanski Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[31] Ochicanthon masumotoi Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[32] Hybosorus illigeri Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 4 | 99 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[33] Aphodius erraticus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[34] Aphodius fimetarius Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[35] Byrrhidium convexum Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[36] Byrrhidium namaquensis Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[37] Copris amyntor Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[38] Copris sp sp45 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[39] Copris tripartitus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[40] Coptorhina klugii Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[41] Coptorhina nitidipennis Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[42] Coptorhina sp dgi1 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[43] Delopleurus pullus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[44] Dicranocara deschodti Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[45] Eurysternus angustulus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[46] Eurysternus caribaeus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[47] Eurysternus foedus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[48] Eurysternus hamaticollis Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[49] Eurysternus inflexus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[50] Eurysternus plebejus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[51] Eurysternus sp BMNH669090 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[52] Eurysternus sp sp198 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[53] Eurysternus sp sp199 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[54] Eurysternus velutinus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[55] Frankenbergerius armatus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[56] Neosisyphus confrater Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[57] Neosisyphus fortuitus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[58] Neosisyphus mirabilis Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[59] Neosisyphus sp SM2012 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[60] Neosisyphus sp sp92 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[61] Onthophagus vinctus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[62] Digitonthophagus diabolicus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[63] Hyalonthophagus alcyon Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[64] Paraphytus sp sp157 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[65] Sarophorus costatus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[66] Sarophorus tuberculatus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[67] Sisyphus crispatus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[68] Sisyphus faciculatus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[69] Sisyphus gazanus Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[70] Sisyphus schaefferi Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[71] Sisyphus sp sp91 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 103 | 103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[72] Odontoloma sp 1 HKW2010 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[73] Odontoloma sp sp40 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[74] Odontoloma sp sp43 Last Modified in 03/17/23 | 0 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 4565 | |
Project overview | 259 | |
Matrix views | 178 | Matrix landing page (164 views); Matrix (14 views); |
Media views | 1321 | Media search (564 views); M851984 (105 views); M851985 (132 views); M851986 (107 views); M851987 (105 views); M851988 (96 views); M851989 (105 views); M851990 (107 views); |
Views for media list | 268 | |
Specimen list | 1129 | |
Taxon list | 1279 | |
Bibliography | 127 | |
Documents list | 4 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 5 | |
Project downloads | 2 | |
Matrix downloads | 3 | Matrix (3 downloads); |