Project 4802: J. R. Lively. 2020. Redescription and Phylogenetic Assessment of ‘Prognathodon’ Stadtmani: Implications for Globidensini Monophyly and Character Homology in Mosasaurinae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 40 (3):e1784183.
Abstract
Prognathodon stadtmani was discovered in the Campanian portion of the Upper Cretaceous Mancos Shale in western Colorado in 1975. Following its original description almost two decades ago, more material of the holotype was prepared. Those new elements include a quadrate, often considered one of the most critical bones for understanding mosasaur systematics, portions of the skull roof, posterior mandible, and braincase. Prognathodon stadtmani exhibits a suite of features that include both derived character states observed in later mosasaurines and primitive features present in earlier members of the clade, such as Clidastes. Although the quadrate resembles those of Prognathodon and Globidens in some respects, it lacks fusion between the suprastapedial process and ascending tympanic rim observed in those taxa. I ran a series of phylogenetic analyses using parsimony and Bayesian inference to understand the relationships of this taxon. Regardless of character selection or methodology, ‘Prognathodon’ stadtmani was not found to be monophyletic with the rest of the genus Prognathodon. Depending on method, it was recovered as the sister taxon to the rest of Globidensini, the sister taxon to Mosasaurini + Globidens, or an early diverging mosasaurine outside of both Globidensini and Mosasaurini. Owing to these results, I assign the type to a new genus, Gnathomortis, gen. nov., yielding the species Gnathomortis stadtmani, comb. nov. Furthermore, the rest of the genus Prognathodon and the clade Globidensini more broadly were not consistently recovered as monophyletic. Many characters of the quadrate and the dentition that typically united those clades are optimized as homoplastic based on my resulting topologies.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2020.1784183
Project DOI: 10.7934/P4802, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P4802
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 1514 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 125 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 286 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:125/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 4802
MorphoBank Project 4802
- Creation Date:
01 August 2023 - Publication Date:
31 August 2023 - Project views: 2192
- Matrix downloads: 1
Authors' Institutions
- University of Texas at Austin
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 23 | 1 | 1 | 125 | 0 | 0 | 1514 (1495, 0, 19) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29467' (23 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Russellosaurus coheni Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 48 | 75 | 75 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] † TMM 31051 84 Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 73 | 51 | 51 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] † Kourisodon puntledgensis Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 35 | 88 | 88 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] † USNM 6546 Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 42 | 82 | 82 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] † YPM 1335 Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 14 | 109 | 109 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] † ALMNH 05 06 06 Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 53 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] † Clidastes propython Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 8 | 121 | 117 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] † Stadtmani Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 61 | 63 | 63 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] † Prognathodon overtoni Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 41 | 83 | 83 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] † Prognathodon saturator Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 78 | 46 | 46 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] † Prognathodon solvayi Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 86 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] † Prognathodon currii Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 103 | 21 | 21 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] † Prognathodon waiparaensis Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 89 | 36 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] † Prognathodon kianda Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 65 | 60 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] † Plesioty crassidens Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 81 | 44 | 44 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] † Eremiasaurus heterodontus Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 83 | 42 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] † Globidens alabamaensis Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 88 | 36 | 36 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[18] † Globidens dakotensis Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[19] † Globidens schurmanni Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 69 | 55 | 55 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[20] † Globidens phosphtaticus Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 87 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[21] † Mosasaurus missouriensis Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 39 | 87 | 85 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[22] † Mosasaurus hoffmanni Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 27 | 98 | 98 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[23] † Plotosaurus bennisoni Last Modified in 08/31/23 | 35 | 90 | 90 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 2192 | |
Project overview | 189 | |
Views for media list | 128 | |
Bibliography | 92 | |
Documents list | 102 | |
Matrix views | 118 | Matrix landing page (111 views); Data matrix created from supplemental material (7 views); |
Media views | 452 | Media search (387 views); M894433 (65 views); |
Specimen list | 233 | |
Taxon list | 878 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 1 | |
Matrix downloads | 1 | Data matrix created from supplemental material (1 download); |