Project 5204: S. P. Zack. 2019. A skeleton of a Uintan machaeroidine creodont and the phylogeny of carnivorous eutherian mammals. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 17 (8):653-689.
Abstract
An edentulous partial skeleton of a carnivorous mammal from the Uinta Formation (middle Eocene) of Utah is referred to the rare and enigmatic sabre-tooth clade Machaeroidinae primarily on the basis of alveolar patterns and cranial morphology. The newly recognized skeleton includes portions of both girdles, all long bones, and the first known tarsal and phalangeal material of a machaeroidine. The specimen permits a preliminary reconstruction of the locomotor habits of machaeroidines, which appear to have been adapted to scansorial or arboreal rather than terrestrial locomotion. The new material also prompts a review of machaeroidine affinities, which have been unresolved for over a century, with consensus opinion favouring a link to either oxyaenid or limnocyonine hyaenodontid ‘creodonts’. Postcranial evidence favours a link to oxyaenids, as machaeroidines share numerous features with oxyaenids that are lacking in hyaenodontids. To test this relationship machaeroidines were included in a phylogenetic analysis broadly sampling early carnivorous eutherians, including members of both ‘Creodonta’ and Carnivoramorpha. Results place Machaeroidinae within Oxyaenidae but fail to support either ‘creodont’ or carnivoramorphan monophyly. Instead, Oxyaenidae is linked with Carnivoraformes, while Viverravidae is basally positioned among carnivorous eutherians. Reconsideration of the character evidence cited in support of Carnivoramorpha indicates that many features are ambiguous in the context of a broad sample of ‘creodonts’ and early carnivoramorphans. Hyaenodontid monophyly is also not recovered but this likely reflects the influence of one morphologically divergent genus, Arfia.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2018.1466374
Project DOI: 10.7934/P5204, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P5204
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 4866 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 225 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 451 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:223/2 |
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MorphoBank Project 5204
MorphoBank Project 5204
- Creation Date:
18 April 2024 - Publication Date:
29 April 2024 - Project views: 571
- Matrix downloads: 2
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
Shreya Jariwala Project Administrator | 43 | 11 | 11 | 225 | 0 | 0 | 4866 (4866, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29789' (43 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † OG dummy Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 223 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] † Protungulatum donnae Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 134 | 91 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] † Mithrandir gillianus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 91 | 135 | 134 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] † Altacreodus magnus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 180 | 45 | 45 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] † Arfia spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 88 | 138 | 137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] † Prolimnocyon spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 57 | 170 | 168 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] † Thinocyon spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 30 | 195 | 195 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] † Limnocyon spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 32 | 195 | 193 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] † Galecyon spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 74 | 151 | 151 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] † Prototomus martis Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 117 | 108 | 108 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] † Pyrocyon strenuus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 72 | 153 | 153 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] † Prototomus phobos Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 104 | 121 | 121 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] † Tritemnodon agilis Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 22 | 205 | 203 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] † Sinopa spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 40 | 189 | 185 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] † Tytthaena parrisi Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 185 | 40 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] † Palaeonictis occidentalis Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 91 | 137 | 134 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] † Dipsalidictis krausei Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 72 | 153 | 153 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[18] † Oxyaena spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 58 | 169 | 167 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[19] † Machaeroides spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 88 | 139 | 137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[20] † CM 2386 Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 142 | 83 | 83 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[21] † Ictidopappus mustelinus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 186 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[22] † Protictis haydenianus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 173 | 53 | 52 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[23] † Bryanictis microlestes Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 176 | 52 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[24] † Simpsonictis spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 179 | 54 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[25] † Viverravus schaffi Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 129 | 96 | 96 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[26] † Viverravus minutus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 144 | 81 | 81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[27] † Viverravus gracilis Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 89 | 136 | 136 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[28] † Viverravus acutus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 57 | 168 | 168 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[29] † Didymictis spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 21 | 205 | 204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[30] † Uintacyon gingerichi Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 181 | 44 | 44 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[31] † Uintacyon massetericus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 90 | 137 | 135 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[32] † Vassacyon promicrodon Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 100 | 130 | 125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[33] † Gracilocyon spp. Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 186 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[34] † Dormaalocyon latouri Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 145 | 81 | 80 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[35] † Vulpavus australis Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 71 | 160 | 154 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[36] † Vulpavus ovatus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 132 | 93 | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[37] † Vulpavus profectus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 46 | 181 | 179 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[38] † Vulpavus palustris Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 188 | 38 | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[39] † Oodectes jepseni Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 176 | 49 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[40] † Oodectes herpestoides Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 73 | 152 | 152 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[41] † Miacis exiguus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 173 | 55 | 52 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[42] † Miacis petilus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 116 | 111 | 109 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[43] † Miacis parvivorus Last Modified in 04/18/24 | 137 | 93 | 88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 571 | |
Documents list | 21 | |
Matrix views | 33 | Matrix landing page (26 views); Zack 2019 (7 views); |
Project overview | 29 | |
Media views | 162 | Media search (61 views); M903274 (8 views); M903273 (11 views); M903272 (9 views); M903271 (7 views); M903270 (9 views); M903269 (11 views); M903268 (9 views); M903267 (8 views); M903266 (10 views); M903265 (10 views); M903264 (9 views); |
Views for media list | 26 | |
Bibliography | 21 | |
Specimen list | 136 | |
Taxon list | 143 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 2 | |
Matrix downloads | 2 | Zack 2019 (2 downloads); |