Project 831: D. T. Ksepka, A. M. Balanoff, M. A. Bell, M. D. Houseman. 2013. Fossil grebes from the Truckee Formation (Miocene) of Nevada and a new phylogenetic analysis of Podicipediformes (Aves). Palaeontology. 56 (5):1149-1169.
Abstract
Podicipediformes is a cosmopolitan clade of foot-propelled diving birds that, despite inhabiting marine and lacustrine environments, have a poor fossil record. In this contribution, we describe three new grebe fossils from the diatomite beds of the Late Miocene Truckee Formation (10.2±0.2Ma) of Nevada (USA). Two postcranial skeletons and an associated set of wing elements indicate that at least two distinct grebe species occupied the large, shallow Lake Truckee during the Miocene. Phylogenetic analysis of morphological data supports a basal divergence between a clade uniting the dabchicks (Tachybaptus, Limnodytes, Poliocephalus) and a clade uniting Podilymbus, Rollandia, Podiceps, and Aechmophorus. Missing data, combined with a paucity of informative skeletal characters, makes it difficult to place the Truckee grebes within either of these major clades. Given the weak projection of the cnemial crests compared to extant grebes, it also remains plausible that these specimens represent stem lineage grebes. Although more material is needed to resolve the phylogenetic position of the Truckee grebes, our analysis offers insight into the tempo of grebe evolution by placing the Miocene taxon Thiornis sociata within the dabchick clade. Thiornis sociata provides a minimum age calibration of 8.7Ma for the basal divergence among dabchicks. Based on the recovery of a non-monophyletic Tachybaptus and placement of the Western Hemisphere 'Tachybaptus' dominicus as the basal member of the otherwise exclusively Eastern Hemisphere dabchick clade, we resurrect the genus Limnodytes for this extant species (Limnodytes dominicus). Our results also nest the large, long-necked Aechmophorus grebes within the genus Podiceps, as the sister taxon to Podiceps major.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1111/pala.12040
Project DOI: 10.7934/P831, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P831
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 926 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 49 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 117 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:45/4 |
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MorphoBank Project 831
MorphoBank Project 831
- Creation Date:
30 November 2012 - Publication Date:
25 August 2022 - Project views: 4414
- Matrix downloads: 4
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh
- North Carolina State University
- American Museum of Natural History
- Bruce Museum
- Stony Brook University
- Imerys Filtration Minerals
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
Daniel Ksepka Project Administrator | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M28931' (21 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Phoenicopterus chilensis Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 47 | 47 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] Phoenicopterus ruber Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 48 | 47 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] Aechmophorus clarkii Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 46 | 46 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] Aechmophorus occidentalis Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 0 | 47 | 47 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] Podiceps auritus Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 50 | 46 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] Podiceps cristatus Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 48 | 47 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] Podiceps grisegena Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 0 | 49 | 47 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] Podiceps major Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 0 | 51 | 47 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] Podiceps nigricollis Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 49 | 46 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] Podiceps occipitalis Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 48 | 46 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] † Podilymbus gigas Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 3 | 47 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] Podilymbus podiceps Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 0 | 50 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] Poliocephalus poliocephalus Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 49 | 47 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] Rollandia microptera Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 0 | 51 | 48 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] Rollandia rolland Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 0 | 51 | 48 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] "Tachybaptus" dominicus Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 48 | 47 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] Tachybaptus ruficollis Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 0 | 50 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[18] Tachybaptus novaehollandiae Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 1 | 48 | 48 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[19] † Thiornis sociata Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 38 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[20] † Truckee species A Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 36 | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[21] † Truckee species B Last Modified in 08/25/22 | 45 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 4414 | |
Project overview | 427 | |
Matrix views | 285 | Matrix landing page (266 views); Ksepka et al. Podicipediformes Matrix (19 views); |
Media views | 1138 | Media search (964 views); M846773 (174 views); |
Documents list | 269 | |
Views for media list | 363 | |
Taxon list | 1140 | |
Specimen list | 555 | |
Bibliography | 237 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 6 | |
Document downloads | 1 | Original data matrix, NEXUS (1 download); |
Matrix downloads | 4 | Ksepka et al. Podicipediformes Matrix (4 downloads); |
Project downloads | 1 |