Project 1238: K. T. Stilson, S. S. B. Hopkins, E. B. Davis. 2014. 50 Million Years of Severe Osteopathology in Rhinocerotidae, Meeting Abstract. Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology.
Abstract
Skeletal pathologies in the fossil record are commonly considered indicators of an individual animal’s life history and development, and not reflections of processes related to all or part of a lineage’s history. Individual elements of many extinct and extant rhinocerotids display arthritis-like osteopathologies. The proportion of severe osteopathology increases over the last 50 million years from about 30% of all elements in a taxon from the Eocene showing some form of osteopathology to 100% of all elements in modern taxa. The Rhinocerotidae preserved in the fossil record do not represent a direct lineage, but a group of closely related organisms that present a study system for pathological evolution and development. Osteopathology is examined here in six extinct taxa spanning 50 Ma (Hyrachyus eximus, Diceratherium sp., Trigonias osborni, Menoceras arikarensus, Aphelops sp., and Teleoceras sp.) as well as the five living species of rhinoceroses. Seven pathological indicators (overgrowth, lipping, remodeling, erosions, worn articular surface, and variable foramen shape and size) were scored for each element on a scale of 1-4 and mapped on a phylogenetic tree using Mesquite to establish ancestral and lineage expression of osteopathology (i.e., that present in the common ancestor and also that present as successive points along the tree). We estimated mass from femur length and compared resulting values with the literature. We measured cursoriality using the established proxies of metatarsal length over femur length (MT/F), and total hind-leg length (femur + tibia + metatarsal). Estimated mass increases from 50 Ma to the present and correlates with the increased expression of osteopathology while cursoriality, the other trait examined as a possible contributing factor, did not. This degree of osteopatholgical expression may be an example of evolutionary compromise.Read the article »
Project DOI: 10.7934/P1238, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P1238
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 2724 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 72 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 183 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:72/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 1238
MorphoBank Project 1238
- Creation Date:
17 August 2014 - Publication Date:
01 February 2015 - Project views: 342809
- Media downloads: 3
- Matrix downloads: 15
Authors' Institutions
- University of Oregon
- University of Texas at Austin
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | media notes | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||||||||||
Kelsey Stilson Project Administrator | 51 | 322 | 1297 | 77 | 72 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2724 (2724, 0, 0) | 0 | 2664 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
MorphoBank Curator Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M2867' (45 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Hyrachyus Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 0 | 72 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[2] † Egysodontinae Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 19 | 53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[3] † Hyracodontinae Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 3 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[4] † Teletaceras Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 21 | 51 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[5] † Penetrigonas Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 22 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[6] † Amphicaenopus Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 21 | 51 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[7] † Trigonias osborni Taxon name last Modified on 08/25/14 | 4 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[8] † Subhyracodon Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 8 | 64 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[9] † Diceratherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 3 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[10] † Menoceras arikarense Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 0 | 72 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[11] † Floridaceras Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 5 | 67 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[13] † Peraceras Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 12 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[14] † Aphelops mutilis Taxon name last Modified on 08/25/14 | 4 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[15] † Teleoceras hicksi Taxon name last Modified on 08/25/14 | 5 | 67 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[16] † Ronzotherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 13 | 59 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[17] † Mesaceratherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 31 | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[18] † Protaceratherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 7 | 65 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[19] † Pleuroceros Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 14 | 58 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[20] † Diceratherium niobrarense Taxon name last Modified on 08/25/14 | 7 | 65 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[21] † Brachypotherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 7 | 65 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[22] † Prosantorhinus Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 6 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[23] † Alicornops Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 2 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[24] † Hoploaceratherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 2 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[25] † Aceratjeroi Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 6 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[26] † Lartetotherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 4 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[27] † L.schleiermacheri Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 3 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[28] † Stephanorhinus Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 10 | 62 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[29] † Coleodonta Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 4 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[30] † Hispanotherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 20 | 52 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[31] † Begertherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 12 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[32] † Beliajevina Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 12 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[33] † Iranotherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 27 | 45 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[34] † Elasmotherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 21 | 51 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[35] † Ninxiatherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 39 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[36] † Acerorhinus Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 9 | 63 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[37] † Chilotherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 10 | 62 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[38] † Chilotheridium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 19 | 53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[39] † Aprotodon Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 15 | 57 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[40] † Gaindatherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 24 | 48 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[41] † Punjabitherium Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 32 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[42] Rhinoceros Taxon name last Modified on 09/11/14 | 3 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[43] Dicerorhinus sumatrensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/27/14 | 5 | 67 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[44] Diceros bicornis Taxon name last Modified on 08/25/14 | 1 | 71 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[45] Ceratotherium simum Taxon name last Modified on 08/25/14 | 1 | 71 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[46] † Paradiceros Taxon name last Modified on 01/16/15 | 23 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
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M365925 (1 view); M365911 (2 views); M365914 (3 views); M365913 (3 views); M365910 (1 view); M365875 (2 views); M365959 (2 views); M365865 (2 views); M365903 (1 view); |
Views for media list | 10981 | |
Documents list | 2313 | |
Matrix views | 2876 | Matrix landing page (2500 views); Character Data from Cerdeño 1995 (371 views); (5 views); |
Specimen list | 176571 | |
Taxon list | 17836 | |
Bibliography | 1237 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 455 | |
Document downloads | 7 | Unpruned Rhino Tree from Cerdeño 1995 for R (1 download); Mass Estimates for Extinct and Extinct Rhinocerotidae (3 downloads); Osteopathology Scores for R (2 downloads); R Code for Rhino Osteopathology Project (1 download); |
Matrix downloads | 15 | Character Data from Cerdeño 1995 (15 downloads); |
Project downloads | 430 | |
Media downloads | 3 | M365878 (1 download); M337080 (1 download); M336850 (1 download); |