Morphobank

Project 2086: D. W. Krause, S. Hoffmann, J. R. Wible, E. C. Kirk, J. A. Schultz, W. von Koenigswald, J. R. Groenke, J. B. Rossie, P. M. O’Connor, E. R. Seiffert, E. R. Dumont, W. L. Holloway, R. R. Rogers, L. J. Rahantarisoa, A. D. Kemp, H. Andriamialison. 2014. First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism. Nature. 515 (7528):512-517.

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Abstract

Previously known only from isolated teeth and lower jaw fragments recovered from the Cretaceous and Palaeogene of the Southern Hemisphere, the Gondwanatheria constitute the most poorly known of all major mammaliaform radiations. Here we report the discovery of the first skull material of a gondwanatherian, a complete and well-preserved cranium from Upper Cretaceous strata in Madagascar that we assign to a new genus and species. Phylogenetic analysis strongly supports its placement within Gondwanatheria, which are recognized as monophyletic and closely related to multituberculates, an evolutionarily successful clade of Mesozoic mammals known almost exclusively from the Northern Hemisphere. The new taxon is the largest known mammaliaform from the Mesozoic of Gondwana. Its craniofacial anatomy reveals that it was herbivorous, large-eyed and agile, with well-developed high-frequency hearing and a keen sense of smell. The cranium exhibits a mosaic of primitive and derived features, the disparity of which is extreme and probably reflective of a long evolutionary history in geographic isolation.

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Article DOI: 10.1038/nature13922

Project DOI: 10.7934/P2086, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2086

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 1 Matrix 92 Taxa 453 Characters Total size of project's media files: 2.82M Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 22667 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 453 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 1088 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:453/0

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MorphoBank Project 2086

Creation Date:
18 December 2014
Publication Date:
18 December 2014
Matrix downloads: 31

This research
supported by

Authors' Institutions

Ohio University

University of Texas at Austin

Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (University of Bonn)

Carnegie Museum of Natural History

Macalester College

New York Institute of Technology

Stony Brook University

University of Massachusetts Amherst

Université d’Antananarivo

Members

MorphoBank Curator
Project Administrator

453

22667
(16446, 0, 6221)

Maureen Admin
Full membership

0
(0, 0, 0)

Simone Hoffmann
Full membership

0
(0, 0, 0)

David Krause
Full membership

0
(0, 0, 0)

John Wible
Full membership

0
(0, 0, 0)

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M23163' (91 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Thrinaxodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	39	263	256	0	158	0	0	5
[2] † Probainognathus Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	50	248	248	0	155	0	0	5
[3] † Exaeretodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	65	245	238	0	150	0	0	5
[4] † Diademodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	53	245	244	0	156	0	0	5
[5] † Cynognathus Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	81	217	217	0	155	0	0	5
[6] † Oligokyphus Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	63	252	251	0	139	0	0	5
[7] † Bienotherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	122	191	191	0	140	0	0	5
[8] † Kayentatherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	84	224	223	0	146	0	0	5
[9] † Yunnanodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	190	129	129	0	134	0	0	5
[10] † Bocatherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	229	94	94	0	130	0	0	5
[11] † Bienotheroides Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	93	225	225	0	135	0	0	5
[12] † Tritheledontidae Taxon name last Modified on 01/21/15	65	250	234	0	154	0	0	5
[13] † Adelobasileus Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	385	61	61	0	7	0	0	5
[14] † Sinoconodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	67	332	330	0	56	0	0	5
[15] † Morganucodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	33	373	369	0	51	0	0	5
[16] † Megazostrodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	133	273	273	0	47	0	0	5
[17] † Haldanodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	83	326	324	0	46	0	0	5
[18] † Hadrocodium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	181	223	223	0	49	0	0	5
[19] † Pseudotribos Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	294	132	132	0	27	0	0	5
[20] † Ambondro Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	379	55	54	0	20	0	0	5
[21] † Ausktribosphenos Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	352	83	83	0	18	0	0	5
[22] † Henosferus Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	332	102	101	0	20	0	0	5
[23] † Asfaltomylos Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	362	72	72	0	19	0	0	5
[24] † Bishops Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	341	92	91	0	21	0	0	5
[25] † Steropodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	388	46	46	0	19	0	0	5
[26] † Teinolophos Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	366	69	68	0	19	0	0	5
[27] † Obdurodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	148	264	263	0	42	0	0	5
[28] Ornithorhynchus Taxon name last Modified on 12/18/14	46	333	331	0	76	0	0	5
[29] † Gobiconodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	127	280	272	0	54	0	0	5
[30] † Repenomamus Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	120	282	281	0	52	0	0	5
[31] † Yanoconodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	222	181	181	0	50	0	0	5
[32] † Jeholodens Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	229	178	176	0	48	0	0	5
[33] † Amphilestes Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	342	74	74	0	37	0	0	5
[34] † Priacodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	207	197	197	0	49	0	0	5
[35] † Trioracodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	237	170	169	0	47	0	0	5
[36] † Tinodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	304	110	110	0	39	0	0	5
[37] † Akidolestes Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	271	138	138	0	44	0	0	5
[38] † Spalacotherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	311	99	99	0	43	0	0	5
[39] † Maotherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	147	260	257	0	49	0	0	5
[40] † Zhangheotherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	199	217	216	0	38	0	0	5
[41] † Amphitherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	333	98	98	0	22	0	0	5
[42] † Cronopio Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	207	208	206	0	40	0	0	5
[43] † Henkelotherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	199	222	222	0	32	0	0	5
[44] † Dryolestes Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	215	205	205	0	33	0	0	5
[45] † Peramus Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	285	146	141	0	27	0	0	5
[46] † Vincelestes Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	39	380	379	0	35	0	0	5
[47] † Kielantherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	339	94	92	0	22	0	0	5
[48] † Sinodelphys Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	265	163	163	0	25	0	0	5
[49] † Pappotherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	369	64	64	0	20	0	0	5
[50] † Deltatheridium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	166	254	252	0	35	0	0	5
[51] † Asiatherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	179	248	248	0	26	0	0	5
[52] † Kokopellia Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	318	113	113	0	22	0	0	5
[53] † Pucadelphys Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	59	358	354	0	40	0	0	5
[54] Didelphis Taxon name last Modified on 12/18/14	15	376	375	0	63	0	0	5
[55] † Juramaia Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	287	146	146	0	20	0	0	5
[56] † Eomaia Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	190	226	224	0	39	0	0	5
[57] † Prokennalestes Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	239	194	192	0	22	0	0	5
[58] † Asioryctes Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	101	316	313	0	39	0	0	5
[59] † Zalambdalestes Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	51	365	358	0	44	0	0	5
[60] † Ukhaatherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	123	290	289	0	41	0	0	5
[61] † Gomphos Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	114	287	287	0	52	0	0	5
[62] † Tribosphenomys Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	255	154	150	0	48	0	0	5
[63] Erinaceus Taxon name last Modified on 12/18/14	5	398	397	0	51	0	0	5
[64] Dasypus Taxon name last Modified on 12/18/14	97	288	284	0	72	0	0	5
[65] † Ferugliotherium a Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	360	12	12	0	81	0	0	5
[66] † Ferugliotherium b Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	328	32	32	0	93	0	0	5
[67] † Trapalcotherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	368	8	8	0	77	0	0	5
[68] † Bharattherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	364	13	13	0	76	0	0	5
[69] † Gondwanatherium Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	325	30	30	0	98	0	0	5
[70] † Lavanify Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	364	13	13	0	76	0	0	5
[71] † Sudamerica a Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	304	45	44	0	105	0	0	5
[72] † Sudamerica b Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	307	54	53	0	93	0	0	5
[73] † Tanzanian taxon A Taxon name last Modified on 01/21/15	337	26	26	0	90	0	0	5
[74] † Tanzanian taxon B Taxon name last Modified on 01/21/15	338	27	27	0	88	0	0	5
[75] † Greniodon Taxon name last Modified on 01/05/15	360	18	17	0	76	0	0	5
[76] † Vintana a Taxon name last Modified on 01/05/15	171	198	198	0	84	0	0	5
[77] † Vintana b Taxon name last Modified on 01/05/15	171	199	199	0	83	0	0	5
[78] † Paulchoffatiidae Taxon name last Modified on 01/21/15	168	198	187	0	98	0	0	5
[79] † Plagiaulacidae Taxon name last Modified on 01/21/15	262	101	99	0	92	0	0	5
[80] † Ptilodus Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	84	265	265	0	104	0	0	5
[81] † Taeniolabis Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	184	160	159	0	110	0	0	5
[82] † Lambdopsalis Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	83	256	256	0	114	0	0	5
[83] † Kryptobaatar Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	35	313	312	0	106	0	0	5
[84] † Catopsbaatar Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	122	228	227	0	104	0	0	5
[85] † Chulsanbaatar Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	87	264	263	0	103	0	0	5
[86] † Nemegtbaatar Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	87	263	263	0	103	0	0	5
[87] † Thomasia Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	328	39	38	0	87	0	0	5
[88] † Haramiyavia Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	295	72	72	0	86	0	0	5
[89] † Arboroharamiya Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	263	94	93	0	97	0	0	5
[90] † Rugosodon Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	218	143	143	0	92	0	0	5
[91] † Sinobaatar Taxon name last Modified on 12/22/14	183	177	174	0	96	0	0	5

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	380
Matrix downloads	31	First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism (31 downloads);
Document downloads	2	Acyon Ventral Vector File (.ai) (1 download); Cladosictis Ventral Vector File (.eps) (1 download);
Project downloads	347