Project 2650: M. Martínez-Cáceres, O. Lambert, C. d. Muizon. 2017. The anatomy and phylogenetic affinities ofCynthiacetus peruvianus, a largeDorudon-like basilosaurid (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the late Eocene of Peru. Geodiversitas. 39 (1):7-163.
Abstract
Cynthiacetus peruvianus Martínez-Cáceres & Muizon, 2011 is a Dorudon-like basilosaurid (Cetacea, Basilosauridae), being one of the largest members of the family. The holotype of this species is a sub-complete skeleton, which comes from the late Eocene (Priabonian) of the Otuma Formation on the southern coast of Peru. A thorough description of this specimen is presented here. Cynthiacetus peruvianus differs from the other species of the genus (C. maxwelli) in having fewer accessory cusps on the distal and mesial edges of p3 and p4. Its skull shows the general pattern of the basilosaurid skull, which is relatively monotonous across the whole family, but it is much larger than those of Dorudon and Zygorhiza, and slightly smaller and distinctly more slender than that of Basilosaurus. The most characteristic features of C. peruvianus stand on the postcranial skeleton: it presents large vertebrarterial foramina on the cervical vertebrae; it lacks a ventral expansion of the transverse processes of C3-C5; it presents the greatest number of thoracic vertebrae (20) observed in cetaceans; and its first thoracics have an almost vertical neural spine. The second part of the monograph is devoted to evolutionary trends and phylogenetic relationships of Archaeocetes with a special focus on Basilosauridae. Some of the major trends considered concern, the rostrum morphology, the asymmetry of the rostrum, the supraorbital region, the neurocranium, the pelvic girdle and hind limb, and the chevrons. A parsimony analysis confirms the monophyly of the Basilosauridae, which are supported by four unambiguous synapomorphies: the presence of well-defined embrasure pits between the upper incisors, a narrow palate anterior to P4, a cleft on the mesial edge of the lower molars, and more than 13 thoracic vertebrae. In contrast with previous hypotheses, in which Saghacetus was the sister taxon of the Pelagiceti, the results of our analysis reveal this taxon as the most basal basilosaurid. In all the analyses performed Cynthiacetus forms a clade with Dorudon and Basilosaurus, being almost constantly the sister taxon of Basilosaurus.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.5252/g2017n1a1
Project DOI: 10.7934/P2650, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2650
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 2098 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 101 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 275 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:6/95 |
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MorphoBank Project 2650
MorphoBank Project 2650
- Creation Date:
03 April 2017 - Publication Date:
03 April 2017 - Media downloads: 1
- Matrix downloads: 9
Authors' Institutions
- Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Natural History Museum, Paris)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, Paris VI (Pierre and Marie Curie University)
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
- Sorbonne Université
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 32 | 1 | 1 | 101 | 0 | 0 | 2098 (2098, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M24550' (32 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Pakicetidae Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 41 | 62 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] † Ambulocetidae Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 67 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] † Remingtonocetidae Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 41 | 61 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] † Artiocetus clavus Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 34 | 68 | 67 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] † Rodhocetus kasrani Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 26 | 77 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] † Carolinacetus gingerichi Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 65 | 37 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] † Protocetus atavus Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 36 | 65 | 65 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] † Georgiacetus vogtlensis Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 13 | 89 | 88 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] † Basilosaurus cetoides Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 8 | 93 | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] † Basilosaurus isis Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 26 | 76 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] † Dorudon atrox Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 5 | 99 | 96 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] † Zygorhiza kochii Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 12 | 93 | 89 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] † Cynthiacetus peruvianus Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 1 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] † Chrysocetus healyorum Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 78 | 23 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] † Saghacetus osiris Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 28 | 74 | 73 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] † Ancalecetus simonsi Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 64 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] † MUSM 1917 Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 37 | 65 | 64 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[18] † Mammalodon colliveri Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 36 | 66 | 65 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[19] † Janjucetus hunderi Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 32 | 69 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[20] † Aetiocetus weltoni Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 32 | 71 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[21] † Aetiocetus cotylalveus Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 39 | 62 | 62 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[22] † Chonecetus goedertorum Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 41 | 60 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[23] † ChM pv 5720 Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 33 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[24] † Eomysticetus withmorei Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 38 | 64 | 63 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[25] † Simocetus rayii Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 26 | 76 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[26] † Agorophius spp Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 50 | 53 | 51 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[27] † Archaeodelphis patrius Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 69 | 32 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[28] † Xenorophus sloani Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 64 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[29] † Echovenator sandersii Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 23 | 78 | 78 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[30] † Albertocetus meffordorum Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 50 | 51 | 51 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[31] † Squalodon calvertensis Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 26 | 76 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[32] † Waipatia maerewhenua Taxon name last Modified on 04/03/17 | 20 | 82 | 81 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 229 | |
Document downloads | 2 | Character list (2 downloads); |
Matrix downloads | 9 | Matrix (9 downloads); |
Project downloads | 217 | |
Media downloads | 1 | M437930 (1 download); |