Project 2695: J. F. Hoyal Cuthill, J. Han. 2018. Cambrian petalonamid Stromatoveris phylogenetically links Ediacaran biota to later animals. Palaeontology. 61 (6):813-823.
Abstract
Macro‐organisms of the Ediacaran period (635–541 Ma) were large and morphologically complex, with some living in aphotic habitats, presenting the possibility that they were early animals. However, ‘bizarre’ Ediacaran morphologies and mouldic preservation have frustrated comparison to later taxa. Consequently, both the positions of Ediacaran biota in the tree of life and the origins of the Metazoa have remained disputed. Here we provide phylogenetic evidence to identify Ediacaran macro‐biota as animals, based on 206 new fossils of Stromatoveris psygmoglena from the lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte. Exceptionally preserved soft‐tissue anatomy shows that Stromatoveris was a soft‐bodied, radially symmetric animal with multiple, sub‐branched petaloids and a differentiated holdfast. Photo‐referenced morphological character analysis enables phylogenetic reconstruction of a monophyletic clade designated Petalonamae, that unites Stromatoveris with iconic Ediacaran genera (Rangea, Pteridinium, Ernietta, Swartpuntia, Arborea, Pambikalbae and Dickinsonia) and is placed as sister‐group to the Eumetazoa. Therefore, based on phylogenetic bracketing within the Metazoa, the Ediacaran petalonamids are established as animals. From these findings, it follows that petalonamids remained an important component of Cambrian marine ecosystems and that the metazoan radiation can be dated to a minimum age of between 558 and 571 myr.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1111/pala.12393
Project DOI: 10.7934/P2695, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2695
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File ![]() | Total scored cells: 737 Total media associated with cells: 626 Total labels associated with cell media: 643 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 42 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 85 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:41/1 |
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MorphoBank Project 2695
MorphoBank Project 2695
- Creation Date:
30 May 2017 - Publication Date:
05 August 2018 - Project views: 37686
- Media downloads: 15
- Matrix downloads: 40
Authors' Institutions
- Northwest University
- University of Cambridge
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
Members
member name | taxa ![]() |
specimens ![]() |
media ![]() | media notes | chars ![]() | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules ![]() | ||||||||||||||
Jennifer Hoyal Cuthill Project Administrator | 19 | 71 | 94 | 57 | 42 | 0 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 737 (724, 0, 13) | 0 | 161 | 626 | 643 | 0 | ||||||||
Seth Kaufman | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M24692' (19 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells ![]() |
no cell support ![]() |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Rangea Last Modified in 05/30/17 | 5 | 37 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 48 | 1 ![]() |
[2] † Stromatoveris Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 3 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 49 | 1 ![]() |
[3] † Pteridinium Last Modified in 09/04/17 | 7 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 50 | 1 ![]() |
[4] † Arborea Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 7 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | 48 | 1 ![]() |
[5] † Pambikalbae Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 8 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 47 | 1 ![]() |
[6] † Swartpuntia Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 8 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | 45 | 1 ![]() |
[7] † Dickinsonia Last Modified in 09/04/17 | 6 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 51 | 1 ![]() |
[8] † Ernietta Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 8 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 48 | 1 ![]() |
[9] † Palaeopascichnus Last Modified in 09/11/17 | 1 | 40 | 33 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
[10] † Bosworthia Last Modified in 08/28/17 | 0 | 41 | 36 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
[11] Rhizocarpon Last Modified in 08/29/17 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 42 | 43 | 1 ![]() |
[12] † Thectardis Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 6 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 42 | 42 | 1 ![]() |
[13] † Leptomitus Last Modified in 09/04/17 | 1 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 42 | 42 | 1 ![]() |
[14] † Galeactena Last Modified in 08/08/17 | 1 | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | 45 | 1 ![]() |
[15] Trichoplax Last Modified in 08/29/17 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 46 | 37 | 1 ![]() |
[16] Fungia Last Modified in 09/04/17 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 48 | 1 ![]() |
[17] Pennatula Last Modified in 11/22/17 | 0 | 42 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
[18] Spinther Last Modified in 08/29/17 | 0 | 42 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
[19] † Pikaia Last Modified in 08/31/17 | 0 | 42 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
Project views 
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 37686 | |
Project overview | 1421 | |
Media views | 16395 | Media search (1683 views); M451554 (179 views); M451970 (142 views); M452132 (135 views); M452103 (143 views); M461884 (131 views); M452128 (140 views); M452114 (146 views); M452107 (137 views); M452104 (148 views); M451575 (169 views); M452113 (144 views); M451573 (175 views); M451948 (153 views); M452118 (144 views); M451644 (174 views); M451963 (134 views); M451582 (170 views); M451643 (166 views); M451599 (159 views); M451600 (162 views); M452134 (133 views); M452119 (137 views); M452121 (127 views); M452139 (225 views); M451569 (196 views); M452129 (127 views); M451591 (162 views); M452106 (137 views); M451574 (176 views); M452127 (131 views); M452577 (234 views); M451603 (168 views); M451577 (179 views); M462095 (209 views); M451576 (177 views); M452140 (227 views); M451580 (180 views); M584538 (155 views); M451590 (187 views); M451586 (166 views); M451549 (206 views); M451766 (217 views); M451566 (171 views); M452117 (130 views); M451964 (129 views); M451572 (180 views); M461885 (129 views); M451583 (172 views); M451578 (171 views); M451598 (172 views); M452105 (139 views); M451642 (160 views); M451551 (171 views); M451961 (143 views); M451966 (127 views); M452126 (130 views); M451579 (176 views); M452111 (135 views); M452123 (132 views); M451592 (169 views); M451962 (137 views); M584537 (132 views); M452293 (127 views); M451553 (169 views); M451581 (167 views); M451663 (180 views); M461886 (125 views); M451952 (138 views); M451565 (175 views); M452112 (132 views); M452131 (129 views); M452130 (132 views); M452108 (134 views); M461887 (130 views); M451954 (144 views); M452595 (189 views); M452292 (130 views); M451664 (162 views); M452133 (131 views); M452116 (130 views); M451589 (171 views); M451570 (167 views); M451645 (164 views); M452109 (136 views); M451550 (186 views); M452120 (135 views); M451947 (162 views); M451601 (173 views); M452122 (133 views); M451968 (143 views); M452135 (136 views); M451588 (175 views); M452115 (130 views); M451567 (165 views); |
Matrix views | 742 | Matrix landing page (603 views); Petalonamae morphological character matrix (139 views); |
Taxon list | 2839 | |
Specimen list | 11109 | |
Views for media list | 1614 | |
Bibliography | 3564 | |
Documents list | 2 |
Project downloads 
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 239 | |
Project downloads | 184 | |
Media downloads | 15 | M451549 (2 downloads); M451588 (3 downloads); M451601 (1 download); M451565 (1 download); M451573 (1 download); M451550 (2 downloads); M451569 (1 download); M584538 (1 download); M451948 (1 download); M451947 (2 downloads); |
Matrix downloads | 40 | Petalonamae morphological character matrix (40 downloads); |