Project 2695: J. F. Hoyal Cuthill, J. Han. 2018. Cambrian petalonamid Stromatoveris phylogenetically links Ediacaran biota to later animals. Palaeontology. 61 (6):813-823.
Abstract
Macro‐organisms of the Ediacaran period (635–541 Ma) were large and morphologically complex, with some living in aphotic habitats, presenting the possibility that they were early animals. However, ‘bizarre’ Ediacaran morphologies and mouldic preservation have frustrated comparison to later taxa. Consequently, both the positions of Ediacaran biota in the tree of life and the origins of the Metazoa have remained disputed. Here we provide phylogenetic evidence to identify Ediacaran macro‐biota as animals, based on 206 new fossils of Stromatoveris psygmoglena from the lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte. Exceptionally preserved soft‐tissue anatomy shows that Stromatoveris was a soft‐bodied, radially symmetric animal with multiple, sub‐branched petaloids and a differentiated holdfast. Photo‐referenced morphological character analysis enables phylogenetic reconstruction of a monophyletic clade designated Petalonamae, that unites Stromatoveris with iconic Ediacaran genera (Rangea, Pteridinium, Ernietta, Swartpuntia, Arborea, Pambikalbae and Dickinsonia) and is placed as sister‐group to the Eumetazoa. Therefore, based on phylogenetic bracketing within the Metazoa, the Ediacaran petalonamids are established as animals. From these findings, it follows that petalonamids remained an important component of Cambrian marine ecosystems and that the metazoan radiation can be dated to a minimum age of between 558 and 571 myr.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1111/pala.12393
Project DOI: 10.7934/P2695, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2695
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File ![]() | Total scored cells: 737 Total media associated with cells: 626 Total labels associated with cell media: 643 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 42 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 85 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:41/1 |
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MorphoBank Project 2695
MorphoBank Project 2695
- Creation Date:
30 May 2017 - Publication Date:
05 August 2018 - Project views: 33191
- Media downloads: 12
- Matrix downloads: 39
Authors' Institutions
- Northwest University
- University of Cambridge
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
Members
member name | taxa ![]() |
specimens ![]() |
media ![]() | media notes | chars ![]() | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules ![]() | ||||||||||||||
Jennifer Hoyal Cuthill Project Administrator | 19 | 71 | 94 | 57 | 42 | 0 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 737 (724, 0, 13) | 0 | 161 | 626 | 643 | 0 | ||||||||
Seth Kaufman | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M24692' (19 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells ![]() |
no cell support ![]() |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Rangea Last Modified in 05/30/17 | 5 | 37 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 48 | 1 ![]() |
[2] † Stromatoveris Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 3 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 49 | 1 ![]() |
[3] † Pteridinium Last Modified in 09/04/17 | 7 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 50 | 1 ![]() |
[4] † Arborea Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 7 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | 48 | 1 ![]() |
[5] † Pambikalbae Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 8 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 47 | 1 ![]() |
[6] † Swartpuntia Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 8 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | 45 | 1 ![]() |
[7] † Dickinsonia Last Modified in 09/04/17 | 6 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 51 | 1 ![]() |
[8] † Ernietta Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 8 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 48 | 1 ![]() |
[9] † Palaeopascichnus Last Modified in 09/11/17 | 1 | 40 | 33 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
[10] † Bosworthia Last Modified in 08/28/17 | 0 | 41 | 36 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
[11] Rhizocarpon Last Modified in 08/29/17 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 42 | 43 | 1 ![]() |
[12] † Thectardis Last Modified in 06/02/17 | 6 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 42 | 42 | 1 ![]() |
[13] † Leptomitus Last Modified in 09/04/17 | 1 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 42 | 42 | 1 ![]() |
[14] † Galeactena Last Modified in 08/08/17 | 1 | 41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | 45 | 1 ![]() |
[15] Trichoplax Last Modified in 08/29/17 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 46 | 37 | 1 ![]() |
[16] Fungia Last Modified in 09/04/17 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 48 | 1 ![]() |
[17] Pennatula Last Modified in 11/22/17 | 0 | 42 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
[18] Spinther Last Modified in 08/29/17 | 0 | 42 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
[19] † Pikaia Last Modified in 08/31/17 | 0 | 42 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 ![]() |
Project views 
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 33191 | |
Project overview | 1297 | |
Media views | 14284 | Media search (1481 views); M451554 (157 views); M451970 (124 views); M452132 (118 views); M452103 (127 views); M461884 (114 views); M452128 (118 views); M452114 (127 views); M452107 (121 views); M452104 (127 views); M451575 (147 views); M452113 (121 views); M451573 (152 views); M451948 (130 views); M452118 (124 views); M451644 (152 views); M451963 (114 views); M451582 (149 views); M451643 (145 views); M451599 (140 views); M451600 (141 views); M452134 (115 views); M452119 (120 views); M452121 (111 views); M452139 (202 views); M451569 (171 views); M452129 (109 views); M451591 (144 views); M452106 (120 views); M451574 (153 views); M452127 (113 views); M452577 (212 views); M451603 (147 views); M451577 (148 views); M462095 (190 views); M451576 (155 views); M452140 (204 views); M451580 (157 views); M584538 (136 views); M451590 (162 views); M451586 (146 views); M451549 (175 views); M451766 (199 views); M451566 (149 views); M452117 (113 views); M451964 (110 views); M451572 (160 views); M461885 (109 views); M451583 (148 views); M451578 (151 views); M451598 (151 views); M452105 (123 views); M451642 (142 views); M451551 (151 views); M451961 (122 views); M451966 (110 views); M452126 (111 views); M451579 (153 views); M452111 (117 views); M452123 (116 views); M451592 (147 views); M451962 (121 views); M584537 (117 views); M452293 (107 views); M451553 (147 views); M451581 (148 views); M451663 (149 views); M461886 (109 views); M451952 (118 views); M451565 (154 views); M452112 (112 views); M452131 (113 views); M452130 (112 views); M452108 (118 views); M461887 (111 views); M451954 (126 views); M452595 (168 views); M452292 (111 views); M451664 (143 views); M452133 (111 views); M452116 (111 views); M451589 (148 views); M451570 (146 views); M451645 (142 views); M452109 (117 views); M451550 (159 views); M452120 (113 views); M451947 (137 views); M451601 (150 views); M452122 (114 views); M451968 (119 views); M452135 (116 views); M451588 (154 views); M452115 (114 views); M451567 (148 views); |
Matrix views | 666 | Matrix landing page (538 views); Petalonamae morphological character matrix (128 views); |
Taxon list | 2579 | |
Specimen list | 9737 | |
Views for media list | 1444 | |
Bibliography | 3184 |
Project downloads 
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 212 | |
Project downloads | 161 | |
Media downloads | 12 | M451549 (2 downloads); M451588 (3 downloads); M451601 (1 download); M451565 (1 download); M451573 (1 download); M451550 (2 downloads); M451569 (1 download); M584538 (1 download); |
Matrix downloads | 39 | Petalonamae morphological character matrix (39 downloads); |