Morphobank

Project 3436: J. Sterli, M. S. de la Fuente, G. W. Rougier. 2018. New remains of Condorchelys antiqua (Testudinata) from the Early-Middle Jurassic of Patagonia: anatomy, phylogeny, and paedomorphosis in the early evolution of turtles. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (4):1-17.

Specimen: † Condorchelys antiqua (unvouchered)
View: Reconstruction right side

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Abstract

New cranial and postcranial remains of the Early–Middle Jurassic turtle, Condorchelys antiqua, are described here in detail, providing new insights into the early evolution of turtles. Unconstrained and constrained cladistic analyses in addition to newly developed total-evidence Bayesian analysis were performed to explore large-scale turtle relationships and evolutionary trends. All the analyses show a similar resolution at the base of the tree, recovering several species of small-sized, fresh water turtles of the Early–Middle Jurassic at the base of the tree following the most basal, large-sized, terrestrial turtles from the Late Triassic. The calibration of the cladistic analyses and the tip-dating analysis provided similar results in the main nodes Testudines, Pan-Cryptodira, Cryptodira, Pan-Pleurodira, and Pleurodira, corroborating that the Jurassic is a key period for turtle evolution. The significant reduction in size in Early–Middle Jurassic stem turtles and the combination of certain characters (e.g., presence of fontanelles, loss of bones, loss of scutes) shown by those taxa suggests heterochronic changes, paedomorphosis in particular, at the base of the turtle tree. These morphological novelties could have trigged, or facilitated, the occupation of the aquatic niche as seen in Jurassic stem turtles.

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Article DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2018.1480112

Project DOI: 10.7934/P3436, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3436

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 1 Matrix 9 Documents 99 Taxa 1 Specimen 245 Characters Total size of project's media files: 839.36k Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 16712 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 245 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 679 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:217/28

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MorphoBank Project 3436

Creation Date:
28 March 2019
Publication Date:
28 March 2019
Project views: 19419
Matrix downloads: 11

Authors' Institutions

Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio

University of Louisville

Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)

Museo de Historia Natural de San Rafael

Members

Juliana Sterli
Project Administrator

245

16712
(14291, 0, 2421)

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M25964' (99 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] Sphenodon punctatus Last Modified in 03/28/19	9	106	105	0	131	0	0	1
[2] † Owenetta kitchingorum Last Modified in 03/29/19	39	88	88	0	118	0	0	1
[3] † Anthodon serrarius Last Modified in 03/29/19	25	101	101	0	119	0	0	1
[4] † Odontochelys semitestacea Last Modified in 03/29/19	96	93	93	0	56	0	0	1
[5] † Proganochelys quenstedti Last Modified in 03/29/19	18	199	199	0	28	0	0	1
[6] † Proterochersis robusta Last Modified in 03/29/19	165	68	67	0	13	0	0	1
[7] † Palaeochersis talampayensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	79	143	142	0	24	0	0	1
[8] † Australochelys africanus Last Modified in 03/29/19	187	49	49	0	9	0	0	1
[9] † Kayentachelys aprix Last Modified in 03/29/19	40	180	179	0	26	0	0	1
[10] † Condorchelys antiqua Last Modified in 03/29/19	113	114	113	0	19	0	0	1
[11] † Heckerochelys romani Last Modified in 03/29/19	118	107	107	0	20	0	0	1
[12] † Eileanchelys waldmani Last Modified in 03/29/19	133	103	103	0	9	0	0	1
[13] † Indochelys spatulata Last Modified in 03/29/19	211	31	31	0	3	0	0	1
[14] † Siamochelys peninsularis Last Modified in 03/29/19	187	56	55	0	3	0	0	1
[15] † Niolamia argentina Last Modified in 03/29/19	133	114	109	0	3	0	0	1
[16] † Gaffneylania auricularis Last Modified in 03/29/19	166	78	76	0	3	0	0	1
[17] † Warkalania carinaminor Last Modified in 03/29/19	228	15	15	0	2	0	0	1
[18] † Meiolania platyceps Last Modified in 03/29/19	25	217	213	0	7	0	0	1
[19] † Ninjemys oweni Last Modified in 03/29/19	200	45	45	0	0	0	0	1
[20] † Chubutemys copelloi Last Modified in 03/29/19	137	104	102	0	6	0	0	1
[21] † Mongolochelys efremovi Last Modified in 03/29/19	12	219	219	0	14	0	0	1
[22] † Peligrochelys walshae Last Modified in 03/29/19	194	48	47	0	4	0	0	1
[23] † Otwayemys cunicularius Last Modified in 03/29/19	177	64	63	0	5	0	0	1
[24] † Kallokibotion bajazidi Last Modified in 03/29/19	71	155	154	0	20	0	0	1
[25] † Platychelys oberndorferi Last Modified in 03/29/19	152	82	82	0	11	0	0	1
[26] † Notoemys laticentralis Last Modified in 03/29/19	114	121	121	0	10	0	0	1
[27] † Notoemys oxfordiensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	182	57	57	0	6	0	0	1
[28] † Notoemys zapatocaensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	170	72	70	0	5	0	0	1
[29] † Prochelidella cerrobarcinae Last Modified in 03/29/19	187	53	53	0	5	0	0	1
[30] Elseya dentata Last Modified in 03/28/19	26	188	188	0	31	0	0	1
[31] Myuchelys latisternum Last Modified in 03/28/19	9	204	204	0	32	0	0	1
[32] Chelodina colliei Last Modified in 03/28/19	5	210	210	0	30	0	0	1
[33] Chelodina longicollis Last Modified in 03/28/19	1	213	213	0	31	0	0	1
[34] † Yaminuechelys maior Last Modified in 03/29/19	85	134	134	0	26	0	0	1
[35] Phrynops geoffroanus Last Modified in 03/28/19	1	214	214	0	30	0	0	1
[36] Chelus fimbriatus Last Modified in 03/28/19	0	212	212	0	33	0	0	1
[37] † Araripemys barretoi Last Modified in 03/29/19	48	179	179	0	18	0	0	1
[38] Erymnochelys madagascariensis Last Modified in 03/28/19	16	197	197	0	32	0	0	1
[39] Pelomedusa subrufa Last Modified in 03/28/19	0	215	214	0	31	0	0	1
[40] Podocnemis expansa Last Modified in 03/28/19	1	214	214	0	30	0	0	1
[41] † Dorsetochelys delairi Last Modified in 03/29/19	141	85	85	0	19	0	0	1
[42] † Pleurosternon bullockii Last Modified in 03/29/19	71	144	144	0	30	0	0	1
[43] † Glyptops plicatulus Last Modified in 03/29/19	42	169	169	0	34	0	0	1
[44] † Dinochelys whitei Last Modified in 03/29/19	128	105	104	0	13	0	0	1
[45] † Neurankylus eximius Last Modified in 03/29/19	118	120	120	0	7	0	0	1
[46] † Trinitichelys hiatti Last Modified in 03/29/19	69	147	147	0	29	0	0	1
[47] † Plesiobaena antiqua Last Modified in 03/29/19	44	176	176	0	25	0	0	1
[48] † Boremys pulchra Last Modified in 03/29/19	52	162	162	0	31	0	0	1
[49] † Baena arenosa Last Modified in 03/29/19	41	185	185	0	19	0	0	1
[50] † Chisternon undatum Last Modified in 03/29/19	39	182	182	0	24	0	0	1
[51] † Portlandemys macdowelli Last Modified in 03/29/19	152	90	90	0	3	0	0	1
[52] † Plesiochelys etalloni Last Modified in 03/29/19	69	173	169	0	7	0	0	1
[53] † Solnhofia parsonsi Last Modified in 03/29/19	64	163	162	0	19	0	0	1
[54] † Thalassemys moseri Last Modified in 03/29/19	105	126	126	0	14	0	0	1
[55] † Santanachelys gaffneyi Last Modified in 03/29/19	104	134	134	0	7	0	0	1
[56] † Xinjiangchelys junggarensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	149	83	83	0	13	0	0	1
[57] † Hangaiemys hoburensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	81	159	158	0	6	0	0	1
[58] † Judithemys sukhanovi Last Modified in 03/29/19	37	186	184	0	24	0	0	1
[59] † Dracochelys bicuspis Last Modified in 03/29/19	75	148	148	0	22	0	0	1
[60] † Sinemys lens Last Modified in 03/29/19	91	136	135	0	19	0	0	1
[61] † Ordosemys leios Last Modified in 03/29/19	81	156	156	0	8	0	0	1
[62] † Toxochelys latiremys Last Modified in 03/29/19	46	174	174	0	25	0	0	1
[63] Caretta caretta Last Modified in 03/28/19	7	206	205	0	33	0	0	1
[64] Chelonia mydas Last Modified in 03/28/19	8	205	205	0	32	0	0	1
[65] † Mesodermochelys undulatus Last Modified in 03/29/19	133	86	86	0	26	0	0	1
[66] Dermochelys coriacea Last Modified in 03/28/19	11	171	171	0	63	0	0	1
[67] † Macroclemys schmidti Last Modified in 03/29/19	156	87	87	0	2	0	0	1
[68] Macroclemys temminckii Last Modified in 03/28/19	18	214	213	0	14	0	0	1
[69] † Protochelydra zangerli Last Modified in 03/29/19	147	89	89	0	9	0	0	1
[70] Chelydra serpentina Last Modified in 03/28/19	24	207	207	0	14	0	0	1
[71] Platysternon megacephalum Last Modified in 03/28/19	2	214	214	0	29	0	0	1
[72] † Mongolemys elegans Last Modified in 03/29/19	39	180	178	0	28	0	0	1
[73] Gopherus polyphemus Last Modified in 03/28/19	0	219	218	0	27	0	0	1
[74] Eurotestudo hermanni Last Modified in 03/28/19	2	216	216	0	27	0	0	1
[75] † Chelonoidis gringorum Last Modified in 03/29/19	183	57	57	0	5	0	0	1
[76] Chelonoidis chilensis Last Modified in 03/28/19	1	218	217	0	27	0	0	1
[77] † Stylemys nebraskensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	113	122	122	0	10	0	0	1
[78] Chrysemys picta Last Modified in 03/28/19	0	218	218	0	27	0	0	1
[79] Trachemys scripta Last Modified in 03/28/19	4	200	200	0	41	0	0	1
[80] Emys orbicularis Last Modified in 03/28/19	10	211	211	0	24	0	0	1
[81] Geoclemys hamiltonii Last Modified in 03/28/19	1	216	216	0	28	0	0	1
[82] † Echmatemys wyomingensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	171	68	67	0	7	0	0	1
[83] † Emarginachelys cretacea Last Modified in 03/29/19	94	127	127	0	24	0	0	1
[84] † Baptemys wyomingensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	47	171	170	0	28	0	0	1
[85] Dermatemys mawii Last Modified in 03/28/19	6	211	209	0	30	0	0	1
[86] † Xenochelys formosa Last Modified in 03/29/19	107	111	111	0	27	0	0	1
[87] Staurotypus triporcatus Last Modified in 03/28/19	5	212	211	0	29	0	0	1
[88] Sternotherus odoratus Last Modified in 03/28/19	1	210	210	0	34	0	0	1
[89] Kinosternon flavescens Last Modified in 03/28/19	7	204	204	0	34	0	0	1
[90] † Basilemys variolosa Last Modified in 03/29/19	119	120	118	0	8	0	0	1
[91] † Yehguia tatsuensis Last Modified in 03/29/19	194	48	48	0	3	0	0	1
[92] † Adocus beatus Last Modified in 03/29/19	38	198	197	0	10	0	0	1
[93] † Hoplochelys crassa Last Modified in 03/29/19	181	54	54	0	10	0	0	1
[94] Apalone spinifera Last Modified in 03/28/19	0	189	189	0	56	0	0	1
[95] † Plastomenus aff. thomassii Last Modified in 03/29/19	75	116	116	0	54	0	0	1
[96] Pelodiscus sinensis Last Modified in 03/28/19	33	156	156	0	56	0	0	1
[97] Lissemys punctata Last Modified in 03/28/19	0	188	188	0	57	0	0	1
[98] † Anosteira ornata Last Modified in 03/29/19	96	112	111	0	38	0	0	1
[99] Carettochelys insculpta Last Modified in 03/28/19	1	195	195	0	49	0	0	1

Project views

type	number of views	Individual items viewed (where applicable)
Total project views	19419
Project overview	1980
Matrix views	947	Matrix landing page (869 views); SM2 (78 views);
Media views	2972	Media search (2529 views); M662032 (443 views);
Taxon list	9849
Documents list	760
Specimen list	1502
Bibliography	565
Views for media list	844

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	170
Document downloads	4	SM 10 (2 downloads); SM1 (1 download); SM3 (1 download);
Project downloads	155
Matrix downloads	11	SM2 (11 downloads);