Project 3456: G. Musser, D. T. Ksepka, D. J. Field. 2019. New Material of Paleocene-Eocene Pellornis (Aves: Gruiformes) Clarifies the Pattern and Timing of the Extant Gruiform Radiation. Diversity. 11 (7):102.
Abstract
Pellornis mikkelseni is an early gruiform from the latest Paleocene-earliest Eocene Fur Formation of Denmark. At approximately 54 million years old, it is among the earliest clear records of the Gruiformes. The holotype specimen, and only material thus far recognised, was originally considered to comprise a partial postcranial skeleton. However, additional mechanical preparation of the nodule containing the holotype revealed that the skeleton is nearly complete and includes a well-preserved skull. In addition to extracting new information from the holotype, we identify and describe two additional specimens of P. mikkelseni which reveal further morphological details of the skeleton. Together, these specimens show that P. mikkelseni possessed a schizorhinal skull and shared many features with the well-known Paleogene Messelornithidae (“Messel rails”). To reassess the phylogenetic position of P. mikkelseni, we modified an existing morphological dataset by adding 20 characters, four extant gruiform taxa, six extinct gruiform taxa, and novel scorings based on the holotype and referred specimens. Phylogenetic analyses recover a clade containing P. mikkelseni, Messelornis, Songzia and crown Ralloidea, supporting P. mikkelseni as a crown gruiform. The phylogenetic position of P. mikkelseni illustrates that some recent divergence time analyses have underestimated the age of crown Gruiformes. Our results suggest a Paleocene origin for this important clade, bolstering evidence for a rapid early radiation of Neoaves following the end-Cretaceous mass extinction.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.3390/d11070102
Project DOI: 10.7934/P3456, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3456
This project contains | Matrices |
---|---|
Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 3104 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 102 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 218 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:97/5 |
Currently Viewing:
MorphoBank Project 3456
MorphoBank Project 3456
- Creation Date:
09 April 2019 - Publication Date:
28 June 2019 - Project views: 15684
- Media downloads: 1
- Matrix downloads: 30
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- University of Cambridge
- University of Texas at Austin
- Bruce Museum
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | media notes | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||||||||||
Grace Musser Project Administrator | 36 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 102 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3104 (3042, 0, 62) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M26124' (36 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Tinamus solitarius Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 99 | 99 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] Leipoa ocellata Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 5 | 97 | 97 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] Penelope supercilliaris Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] Coturnix coturnix Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] Chauna torquata Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 1 | 101 | 101 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] Anas sibilatrix Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] Mergus serrator Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] Cariama cristata Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] Larus smithsonianus Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] Recurvirostra avosetta Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] Charadrius vociferous Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] Jacana jacana Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 3 | 99 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] Thinocorus rumicivorus Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 4 | 98 | 98 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] Sterocorarius longicaudus Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 3 | 99 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] Burhinus superciliaris Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 1 | 101 | 101 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] Sarothrura pulchra Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 3 | 99 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] Heliornis fulica Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 3 | 99 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[18] Himantornis haematopus Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 4 | 98 | 98 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[19] Gallinula chloropus Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 0 | 102 | 102 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[20] Rallus longirostris Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 3 | 99 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[21] Porphyrio flavirostris Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 0 | 102 | 102 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[22] † Messelornis cristata Last Modified in 06/28/19 | 39 | 63 | 63 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[23] † Messelornis nearctica Last Modified in 06/28/19 | 69 | 33 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[24] † Pellornis mikkelseni Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 54 | 45 | 45 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[25] † Songzia acutunguis Last Modified in 06/28/19 | 64 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[26] Psophia crepitans Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 4 | 99 | 98 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[27] † Parvigrus pohli Last Modified in 06/28/19 | 10 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 58 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[28] Grus grus Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[29] Balearica pavonina Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[30] Aramus guarauna Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 3 | 99 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[31] Eurypyga helias Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 2 | 101 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[32] Otis tarda Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 1 | 101 | 101 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[33] Rhynochetos jubatus Last Modified in 06/26/19 | 5 | 97 | 97 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[34] † Australlus gagensis Last Modified in 06/28/19 | 94 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[35] † Australlus disneyi Last Modified in 06/28/19 | 90 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[36] † Itardiornis hessae Last Modified in 06/28/19 | 83 | 19 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 15684 | |
Project overview | 1400 | |
Matrix views | 941 | Matrix landing page (820 views); Pellornis 2019 Matrix Musser Ksepka Field (121 views); |
Taxon list | 7460 | |
Media views | 2933 | Media search (2536 views); M665158 (397 views); |
Bibliography | 632 | |
Views for media list | 885 | |
Specimen list | 1426 | |
Documents list | 7 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 194 | |
Matrix downloads | 30 | Pellornis 2019 Matrix Musser Ksepka Field (30 downloads); |
Project downloads | 163 | |
Media downloads | 1 | M665158 (1 download); |