Project 3740: S. Y. Smith, W. J. Iles, J. C. Benedict, C. D. Specht. 2018. Building the monocot tree of death: Progress and challenges emerging from the macrofossil-rich Zingiberales. American Journal of Botany. 105 (8):1389-1400.
Abstract
Premise of the StudyInclusion of fossils in phylogenetic analyses is necessary in order to construct a comprehensive “tree of death” and elucidate evolutionary history of taxa; however, such incorporation of fossils in phylogenetic reconstruction is dependent on the availability and interpretation of extensive morphological data. Here, the Zingiberales, whose familial relationships have been difficult to resolve with high support, are used as a case study to illustrate the importance of including fossil taxa in systematic studies.Methods
Eight fossil taxa and 43 extant Zingiberales were coded for 39 morphological seed characters, and these data were concatenated with previously published molecular sequence data for analysis in the program MrBayes.Key Results
Ensete oregonense is confirmed to be part of Musaceae, and the other seven fossils group with Zingiberaceae. There is strong support for Spirematospermum friedrichii , Spirematospermum sp. ‘Goth’, S. wetzleri , and Striatornata sanantoniensis in crown Zingiberaceae while “Musa ” cardiosperma , Spirematospermum chandlerae , and Tricostatocarpon silvapinedae are best considered stem Zingiberaceae. Inclusion of fossils explains how different topologies from morphological and molecular data sets is due to shared plesiomorphic characters shared by Musaceae, Zingiberaceae, and Costaceae, and most of the fossils.Conclusions
Inclusion of eight fossil taxa expands the Zingiberales tree and helps explain the difficulty in resolving relationships. Inclusion of fossils was possible in part due to a large morphological data set built using nondestructive microcomputed tomography data. Collaboration between paleo‐ and neobotanists and technology such as microcomputed tomography will help to build the tree of death and ultimately improve our understanding of the evolutionary history of monocots.
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Article DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1123
Project DOI: 10.7934/P3740, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3740
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File ![]() | Total scored cells: 2511 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 39 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 94 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:39/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 3740
MorphoBank Project 3740
- Creation Date:
31 May 2020 - Publication Date:
28 June 2020 - Project views: 9592
- Matrix downloads: 1
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- Cornell University
- University of California Berkeley
- University of Michigan
Members
member name | taxa ![]() |
specimens ![]() |
media ![]() | chars ![]() | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules ![]() | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 66 | 1 | 1 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2511 (1890, 0, 621) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Selena Smith Full membership ![]() | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M26670' (66 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells ![]() |
no cell support ![]() |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Aframomum angustifolium Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[2] Elettariopsis stenosiphon Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[3] Musa basjoo Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[4] Costus pulveralentus Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[5] Thaumatococcus daniellii Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[6] Costus osae Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[7] Donax canniformis Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[8] Alpinia zerumbet Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[9] Curcuma longa Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[10] Heliconia indica Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[11] Hedychium coronarium Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[12] Zingiber officinale Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[13] Musa balbisiana Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[14] Musa acuminata Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[15] Siphonochilus kirkii Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[16] Musa ornata Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[17] Zingiber spectabile Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[18] Siamanthus siliquosus Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[19] Hanguana malayana Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 5 | 29 | 29 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[20] Cheilocostus speciosus Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[21] Curcuma roscoeana Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[22] Musa coccinea Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 2 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[23] Musa textilis Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[24] Chamaecostus subsessilis Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[25] Heliconia schneeana Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[26] Heliconia nutans Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[27] Riedelia sp Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[28] Marantachloa leucantha Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[29] Heliconia acuminata Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[30] Tapeinochilos ananassae Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[31] Strelitzia nicolai Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[32] Etlingera elatior Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[33] Dimerocostus strobilaceus Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[34] Globba winitti Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 40 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[35] Alpinia purpurata Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[36] Canna jaegeriana Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[37] Costus gabonensis Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[38] Heliconia collinsiana Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[39] Orchidantha maxillarioides Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[40] Canna iridiflora Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[41] Ensete ventricosum Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[42] Monocostus uniflorus Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 40 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[43] Canna indica Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[44] Orchidantha fimbriata Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[45] Calathea roseopicta Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[46] Ravenala madagascariensis Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[47] Typha angustifolia Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[48] Strelitzia reginae Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[49] Scaphochlamys sp Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 37 | 36 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[50] Ischnosiphon helenae Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[51] Costus dubius Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[52] Musella lasiocarpa Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[53] Costus pictus Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[54] Stromanthe stromanthoides Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[55] Renealmia alpinia Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[56] Halopegia azurea Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 3 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[57] Ensete superbum Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[58] Sabal bermudana Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[59] † Spirematospermum chandlerae Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 9 | 28 | 28 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[60] † Spirematospermum sp goth Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 7 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[61] † Spirematospermum friedrichii Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 11 | 26 | 26 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[62] † Spirematospermum wetzleri Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 1 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[63] † Ensete oregonense Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 13 | 26 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[64] † Striatornata sanantoniensis Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 0 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[65] † Tricostatocarpon silvapinedae Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 2 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
[66] † Musa cardiosperma Last Modified in 05/31/20 | 8 | 28 | 28 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 ![]() |
Project views 
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 9592 | |
Project overview | 732 | |
Matrix views | 522 | Morphological matrix from Smith et al 2018 (prepared by MorphoBank curators from original submission) (80 views); Matrix landing page (442 views); |
Documents list | 464 | |
Media views | 1854 | Media search (1553 views); M688427 (301 views); |
Bibliography | 380 | |
Views for media list | 582 | |
Specimen list | 978 | |
Taxon list | 4080 |
Project downloads 
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 111 | |
Project downloads | 110 | |
Matrix downloads | 1 | Morphological matrix from Smith et al 2018 (prepared by MorphoBank curators from original submission) (1 download); |