Morphobank

Project 3768: N. R. Chimento, F. L. Agnolin. 2020. Phylogenetic tree of Litopterna and Perissodactyla indicates a complex early history of hoofed mammals. Scientific Reports. 10 (1):1-10.

Specimen: † Escribania (UNPSJB /PV:916)
View: Left lateral

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Abstract

The Litopterna is an extinct clade of endemic South American ungulates that range from Paleocene up to late Pleistocene times. Because of their unique anatomy, litopterns are of uncertain phylogenetic affinities. However, some XIX century authors, considered litopterns as related to perissodactyl ungulates, a hypothesis recently sustained by molecular data. The aim of the present contribution is to include litopterns and other South American related taxa in a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis together with several extant and extinct basal perissodactyl ungulates. The analysis resulted in the nesting of litopterns and kin as successive stem-clades of crown Perissodactyla. Further, litopterns are not phylogenetically grouped with any North American basal ungulate, in agreement with some previous proposals. Presence of pan-perissodactyls in South America and India indicates that southern continents probably played an important role in the early evolution of hoofed mammals.

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Article DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70287-5

Project DOI: 10.7934/P3768, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3768

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 1 Matrix 79 Taxa 1 Specimen 214 Characters Total size of project's media files: 1.63M Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 11953 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 214 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 552 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:214/0

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MorphoBank Project 3768

Creation Date:
08 July 2020
Publication Date:
01 December 2020
Matrix downloads: 33

Authors' Institutions

Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)

Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia

Universidad Maimonides

Members

Nicolas Chimento
Project Administrator

3485
(3391, 0, 94)

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M26817' (79 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Eotitanops Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	27	184	6	0	5	0	0	1
[2] † Palaeosyops Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	7	204	6	0	4	0	0	1
[3] † Orohippus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	16	199	6	0	0	0	0	1
[4] † Epihippus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	67	148	6	0	0	0	0	1
[5] † Mesohippus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	4	210	6	0	0	0	0	1
[6] † Eohippus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	12	203	6	0	0	0	0	1
[7] † Protorohippus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	15	199	6	0	0	0	0	1
[8] † Xenicohippus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	21	196	4	0	0	0	0	1
[9] † Sifrippus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	82	139	4	0	1	0	0	1
[10] † Pliolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	79	135	4	0	0	0	0	1
[11] † Hyracotherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	106	108	6	0	0	0	0	1
[12] † Palaeotherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	4	211	6	0	1	0	0	1
[13] † Plagiolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	10	201	6	0	4	0	0	1
[14] † Leptolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	87	125	5	0	2	0	0	1
[15] † Hallensia Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	46	168	6	0	0	0	0	1
[16] † Propachynolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	107	110	4	0	0	0	0	1
[17] † Propalaeotherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	20	197	4	0	0	0	0	1
[18] † Lambdotherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	34	180	5	0	1	0	0	1
[19] † Homogalax Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	18	198	5	0	0	0	0	1
[20] † Cardiolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	55	162	5	0	0	0	0	1
[21] † Eomoropus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	31	183	6	0	0	0	0	1
[22] † Litolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	42	172	5	0	0	0	0	1
[23] † Moropus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	3	203	6	0	8	0	0	1
[24] † Lophiodon Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	9	200	6	0	5	0	0	1
[25] † Isectolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	60	154	5	0	1	0	0	1
[26] † Heptodon Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	10	203	6	0	2	0	0	1
[27] † Helaletes Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	6	208	6	0	1	0	0	1
[28] † Lophialetes Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	22	191	6	0	1	0	0	1
[29] † Schlosseria Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	59	152	6	0	3	0	0	1
[30] † Deperetella Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	51	155	4	0	9	0	0	1
[31] † Teleolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	107	100	4	0	9	0	0	1
[32] † Hyrachyus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	3	206	6	0	6	0	0	1
[33] † Phenacodus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	1	211	6	0	4	0	0	1
[34] † Ectocion Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	61	150	5	0	4	0	0	1
[35] † Tetraclaenodon Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	34	178	6	0	7	0	0	1
[36] † Meniscotherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	3	212	6	0	5	0	0	1
[37] † Cambaytherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	28	182	5	0	8	0	0	1
[38] † Nakusia Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	173	40	2	0	1	0	0	1
[39] † Anthracobune (no astragalus) Taxon name last Modified on 11/24/14	116	96	5	0	2	0	0	1
[40] † Anthracobune Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	104	110	5	0	2	0	0	1
[41] † Pilgrimella Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	115	97	4	0	2	0	0	1
[42] † Radinskya Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	133	79	2	0	2	0	0	1
[43] † Phenacolophus Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	117	96	4	0	1	0	0	1
[44] † Eritherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	102	103	5	0	9	0	0	1
[45] † Phosphatherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	79	131	6	0	4	0	0	1
[46] † Moeritherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	44	163	6	0	7	0	0	1
[47] † Numidotherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	44	166	5	0	4	0	0	1
[48] † Dimaitherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	64	149	5	0	3	0	0	1
[49] † Microhyrax Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	118	96	4	0	0	0	0	1
[50] † Saghatherium Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	48	164	5	0	2	0	0	1
[51] † Diacodexis Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	8	197	6	0	13	0	0	1
[52] † Asioryctes Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	35	163	6	0	17	0	0	1
[53] Didelphis Taxon name last Modified on 11/25/14	17	183	6	0	15	0	0	1
[54] † Adiantoides Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	97	114	114	0	3	0	0	1
[55] † Asmithwoodwardia Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	113	98	98	0	3	0	0	1
[56] † Choeroclaenus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	135	76	76	0	3	0	0	1
[57] † Cramauchenia Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	78	133	133	0	3	0	0	1
[58] † Depaulacoutia Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	91	121	121	0	2	0	0	1
[59] † Diadiaphorus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	8	201	201	0	5	0	0	1
[60] † Didolodus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	99	115	114	0	1	0	0	1
[61] † Ellipsodon Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	111	99	99	0	4	0	0	1
[62] † Escribania Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	152	62	62	0	0	0	0	1
[63] † Lamegoia Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	96	117	117	0	1	0	0	1
[64] † Litaletes Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	116	97	96	0	2	0	0	1
[65] † Miguelsoria Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	112	101	101	0	1	0	0	1
[66] † Mioclaenus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	125	87	86	0	3	0	0	1
[67] † Molinodus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	122	88	88	0	4	0	0	1
[68] † Orthaspidotherium Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	52	157	157	0	5	0	0	1
[69] † Pleuraspidotherium Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	31	178	178	0	5	0	0	1
[70] † Promioclaenus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	116	95	94	0	4	0	0	1
[71] † Protolipterna Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	81	130	130	0	3	0	0	1
[72] † Protoselene Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	127	85	85	0	2	0	0	1
[73] † Pucanodus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	113	96	96	0	5	0	0	1
[74] † Simoclaeunus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	125	86	86	0	3	0	0	1
[75] † Tetramerorhinus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	7	201	201	0	6	0	0	1
[76] † Theosodon Taxon name last Modified on 07/10/20	9	200	200	0	5	0	0	1
[77] † Thoatherium Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	18	181	181	0	15	0	0	1
[78] † Tiuclaenus Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	111	98	98	0	5	0	0	1
[79] † Victorlemoinea Taxon name last Modified on 07/09/20	115	98	98	0	1	0	0	1

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	125
Matrix downloads	33	Final matrix for "Phylogenetic tree of Litopterna and Perissodactyla indicates a complex early history of hoofed mammals" (33 downloads);
Project downloads	92