Morphobank

Project 3923: E. Diaz-Berenguer, M. Moreno-Azanza, A. Badiola, J. I. Canudo. 2022. Neurocranial bones are key to untangling the sea cow evolutionary tree: osteology of the skull of Sobrarbesiren cardieli (Mammalia: Pan-Sirenia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 196 (4):1671-1703.

Specimen: † Sobrarbesiren cardieli (MPZ 2020/598/MPZ 2020/598:MPZ 2020/598)
View: Posterior and ventral

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Abstract

The pan-sirenian Bauplan is conservative, probably owing to the constraints of adaptation to an aquatic lifestyle. Gathering morphological data from extinct forms is complex, resulting in poorly resolved phylogenies for stem pan-sirenians. Extant sirenians ossify the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli, membranes of the dura mater of the brain attached to the parietal bone. Nevertheless, these ossifications are not present in some pan-sirenians. The basioccipital bone has received little attention in the literature except for establishing the relative age of individuals. Here, we present new cranial elements and a detailed description of the skull of Sobrarbesiren cardieli, a stem pan-sirenian from the Lutetian of Spain represented by eight individuals; we study its intraspecific variation and palaeoecological implications and explore the evolution of the endocranial structures and the basioccipital bone in pan-sirenians. Six new phylogenetic characters are added to the latest pan-sirenian dataset, resulting in a well-resolved topology where Sobrarbesiren is recovered close to the root, in a clade with Prototherium and Eotheroides aegyptiacum. The basioccipital bone and the ossified endocranial membranes have a phylogenetic signal, and the absence of such endocranial structures represents the plesiomorphic condition for pan-sirenians and is not diagnostic for the family Protosirenidae as previously believed.

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Article DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac021

Project DOI: 10.7934/P3923, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3923

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 1 Matrix 2 Documents 62 Taxa 1 Specimen 89 Characters Total size of project's media files: 347.74k Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 4150 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 89 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 229 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:89/0

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MorphoBank Project 3923

Creation Date:
10 February 2021
Publication Date:
18 August 2023
Project views: 2350
Matrix downloads: 1

Authors' Institutions

Universidad del Pais Vasco

Museu da Lourinha

Universidade Nova de Lisboa

Universidad de Zaragoza

Members

Miguel Moreno
Project Administrator

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Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29446' (62 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Phosphatherium Last Modified in 08/18/23	28	61	61	0	0	0	0	1
[2] † Cornwallius sookensis Last Modified in 08/18/23	26	63	63	0	0	0	0	1
[3] † Prorastomus sirenoides Last Modified in 08/18/23	20	69	69	0	0	0	0	1
[4] † Pezosiren portelli Last Modified in 08/18/23	17	72	72	0	0	0	0	1
[5] † Sobrarbesiren cardieli Last Modified in 08/15/23	11	82	78	0	0	0	0	1
[6] † Ashokia antiqua Last Modified in 08/18/23	41	48	48	0	0	0	0	1
[7] † Protosiren fraasi Last Modified in 08/18/23	19	70	70	0	0	0	0	1
[8] † Protosiren smithae Last Modified in 08/18/23	8	81	81	0	0	0	0	1
[9] † Libysiren sickenbergi Last Modified in 08/18/23	20	69	69	0	0	0	0	1
[10] † Anomotherium langewieschei Last Modified in 08/18/23	52	37	37	0	0	0	0	1
[11] † Miosiren kocki Last Modified in 08/18/23	23	66	66	0	0	0	0	1
[12] † Potamosiren madgalenensis Last Modified in 08/18/23	71	18	18	0	0	0	0	1
[13] † Ribodon limbatus Last Modified in 08/18/23	69	20	20	0	0	0	0	1
[14] Trichechus manatus latirostris Last Modified in 08/15/23	3	86	86	0	0	0	0	1
[15] Trichechus senegalensis Last Modified in 08/15/23	3	86	86	0	0	0	0	1
[16] Trichechus inunguis Last Modified in 08/15/23	5	84	84	0	0	0	0	1
[17] † Eotheriodes aegyptiacus Last Modified in 08/18/23	31	58	58	0	0	0	0	1
[18] † Eotheroides clavigerum Last Modified in 08/18/23	12	77	77	0	0	0	0	1
[19] † Eotheroides sandersi Last Modified in 08/18/23	13	76	76	0	0	0	0	1
[20] † Eotheroides lambondrano Last Modified in 08/18/23	40	50	49	0	0	0	0	1
[21] † Prototherium veronense Last Modified in 08/18/23	30	59	59	0	0	0	0	1
[22] † Prototherium ausetanum Last Modified in 08/18/23	46	43	43	0	0	0	0	1
[23] † Prototherium intermedium s.l. Last Modified in 08/18/23	34	55	55	0	0	0	0	1
[24] † Eosiren libyca Last Modified in 08/18/23	34	55	55	0	0	0	0	1
[25] † Eosiren imenti Last Modified in 08/18/23	31	58	58	0	0	0	0	1
[26] † Halitherium taulannense Last Modified in 08/18/23	14	75	75	0	0	0	0	1
[27] † Kaupitherium gruelli Last Modified in 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[28] † Kaupitherium bronni Last Modified in 08/18/23	6	83	83	0	0	0	0	1
[29] † Lentiarenium cristolii Last Modified in 08/18/23	34	55	55	0	0	0	0	1
[30] † Priscosiren atlantica Last Modified in 08/18/23	13	76	76	0	0	0	0	1
[31] † Metaxytherium krahuletzi Last Modified in 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[32] † Metaxytherium medium Last Modified in 08/18/23	13	76	76	0	0	0	0	1
[33] † Metaxytherium serresii Last Modified in 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[34] † Metaxytherium subapenninum Last Modified in 08/18/23	6	83	83	0	0	0	0	1
[35] † Metaxytherium floridanum Last Modified in 08/18/23	0	89	89	0	0	0	0	1
[36] † Metaxytherium crataegense Last Modified in 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[37] † Metaxytherium arctodites Last Modified in 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[38] † Dusisiren reinharti Last Modified in 08/18/23	35	56	54	0	0	0	0	1
[39] † Dusisiren jordani Last Modified in 08/18/23	5	85	84	0	0	0	0	1
[40] † Dusisiren dewana Last Modified in 08/18/23	21	68	68	0	0	0	0	1
[41] † Hydrodamalis cuestae Last Modified in 08/18/23	17	72	72	0	0	0	0	1
[42] † Hydrodamalis gigas Last Modified in 08/18/23	4	85	85	0	0	0	0	1
[43] † Metaxytherium albifontanum Last Modified in 08/18/23	1	88	88	0	0	0	0	1
[44] † Caribosiren turneri Last Modified in 08/18/23	36	53	53	0	0	0	0	1
[45] † Crenatosiren olseni Last Modified in 08/18/23	5	84	84	0	0	0	0	1
[46] † Nanosiren sanchezi Last Modified in 08/18/23	36	53	53	0	0	0	0	1
[47] † Nanosiren garciae Last Modified in 08/18/23	25	64	64	0	0	0	0	1
[48] Dugong dugon Last Modified in 08/15/23	0	89	89	0	0	0	0	1
[49] † Callistosiren boriquensis Last Modified in 08/18/23	18	71	71	0	0	0	0	1
[50] † Bharatisiren indica Last Modified in 08/18/23	24	65	65	0	0	0	0	1
[51] † Bharatisiren kachchhensis Last Modified in 08/18/23	31	58	58	0	0	0	0	1
[52] † Domningia sodhae Last Modified in 08/18/23	21	68	68	0	0	0	0	1
[53] † Kutchisiren cylindrica Last Modified in 08/18/23	27	62	62	0	0	0	0	1
[54] † Dioplotherium manigaulti Last Modified in 08/18/23	26	63	63	0	0	0	0	1
[55] † Dioplotherium allisoni Last Modified in 08/18/23	23	66	66	0	0	0	0	1
[56] † Culebratherium alemani Last Modified in 08/18/23	19	70	70	0	0	0	0	1
[57] † MPEG-63V d. cf. D. allisoni Last Modified in 08/18/23	18	71	71	0	0	0	0	1
[58] † ECOCHM-2491 diop. sp. Last Modified in 08/18/23	30	59	59	0	0	0	0	1
[59] † Xenosiren yucateca Last Modified in 08/18/23	57	32	32	0	0	0	0	1
[60] † Corystosiren varguezi Last Modified in 08/18/23	41	48	48	0	0	0	0	1
[61] † Rytiodus heali Last Modified in 08/18/23	25	64	64	0	0	0	0	1
[62] † Rytiodus capgrandi Last Modified in 08/18/23	48	41	41	0	0	0	0	1

Project views

type	number of views	Individual items viewed (where applicable)
Total project views	2350
Project overview	187
Media views	442	Media search (374 views); M739038 (68 views);
Matrix views	134	Matrix landing page (125 views); Data matrix from author (9 views);
Documents list	119
Taxon list	1009
Bibliography	89
Views for media list	138
Specimen list	232

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	1
Matrix downloads	1	Data matrix from author (1 download);