Morphobank

Project 3923: E. Diaz-Berenguer, M. Moreno-Azanza, A. Badiola, J. I. Canudo. 2022. Neurocranial bones are key to untangling the sea cow evolutionary tree: osteology of the skull of Sobrarbesiren cardieli (Mammalia: Pan-Sirenia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 196 (4):1671-1703.

Specimen: † Sobrarbesiren cardieli (MPZ 2020/598/MPZ 2020/598:MPZ 2020/598)
View: Posterior and ventral

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Abstract

The pan-sirenian Bauplan is conservative, probably owing to the constraints of adaptation to an aquatic lifestyle. Gathering morphological data from extinct forms is complex, resulting in poorly resolved phylogenies for stem pan-sirenians. Extant sirenians ossify the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli, membranes of the dura mater of the brain attached to the parietal bone. Nevertheless, these ossifications are not present in some pan-sirenians. The basioccipital bone has received little attention in the literature except for establishing the relative age of individuals. Here, we present new cranial elements and a detailed description of the skull of Sobrarbesiren cardieli, a stem pan-sirenian from the Lutetian of Spain represented by eight individuals; we study its intraspecific variation and palaeoecological implications and explore the evolution of the endocranial structures and the basioccipital bone in pan-sirenians. Six new phylogenetic characters are added to the latest pan-sirenian dataset, resulting in a well-resolved topology where Sobrarbesiren is recovered close to the root, in a clade with Prototherium and Eotheroides aegyptiacum. The basioccipital bone and the ossified endocranial membranes have a phylogenetic signal, and the absence of such endocranial structures represents the plesiomorphic condition for pan-sirenians and is not diagnostic for the family Protosirenidae as previously believed.

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Article DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac021

Project DOI: 10.7934/P3923, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3923

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 1 Matrix 2 Documents 62 Taxa 1 Specimen 89 Characters Total size of project's media files: 347.74k Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 4150 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 89 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 229 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:89/0

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MorphoBank Project 3923

Creation Date:
10 February 2021
Publication Date:
18 August 2023
Matrix downloads: 6

Authors' Institutions

Universidad del Pais Vasco

Museu da Lourinha

Universidade Nova de Lisboa

Universidad de Zaragoza

Members

Miguel Moreno
Project Administrator

0
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Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29446' (62 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Phosphatherium Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	28	61	61	0	0	0	0	1
[2] † Cornwallius sookensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	26	63	63	0	0	0	0	1
[3] † Prorastomus sirenoides Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	20	69	69	0	0	0	0	1
[4] † Pezosiren portelli Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	17	72	72	0	0	0	0	1
[5] † Sobrarbesiren cardieli Taxon name last Modified on 08/15/23	11	82	78	0	0	0	0	1
[6] † Ashokia antiqua Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	41	48	48	0	0	0	0	1
[7] † Protosiren fraasi Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	19	70	70	0	0	0	0	1
[8] † Protosiren smithae Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	8	81	81	0	0	0	0	1
[9] † Libysiren sickenbergi Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	20	69	69	0	0	0	0	1
[10] † Anomotherium langewieschei Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	52	37	37	0	0	0	0	1
[11] † Miosiren kocki Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	23	66	66	0	0	0	0	1
[12] † Potamosiren madgalenensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	71	18	18	0	0	0	0	1
[13] † Ribodon limbatus Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	69	20	20	0	0	0	0	1
[14] Trichechus manatus latirostris Taxon name last Modified on 08/15/23	3	86	86	0	0	0	0	1
[15] Trichechus senegalensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/15/23	3	86	86	0	0	0	0	1
[16] Trichechus inunguis Taxon name last Modified on 08/15/23	5	84	84	0	0	0	0	1
[17] † Eotheriodes aegyptiacus Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	31	58	58	0	0	0	0	1
[18] † Eotheroides clavigerum Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	12	77	77	0	0	0	0	1
[19] † Eotheroides sandersi Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	13	76	76	0	0	0	0	1
[20] † Eotheroides lambondrano Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	40	50	49	0	0	0	0	1
[21] † Prototherium veronense Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	30	59	59	0	0	0	0	1
[22] † Prototherium ausetanum Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	46	43	43	0	0	0	0	1
[23] † Prototherium intermedium s.l. Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	34	55	55	0	0	0	0	1
[24] † Eosiren libyca Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	34	55	55	0	0	0	0	1
[25] † Eosiren imenti Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	31	58	58	0	0	0	0	1
[26] † Halitherium taulannense Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	14	75	75	0	0	0	0	1
[27] † Kaupitherium gruelli Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[28] † Kaupitherium bronni Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	6	83	83	0	0	0	0	1
[29] † Lentiarenium cristolii Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	34	55	55	0	0	0	0	1
[30] † Priscosiren atlantica Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	13	76	76	0	0	0	0	1
[31] † Metaxytherium krahuletzi Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[32] † Metaxytherium medium Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	13	76	76	0	0	0	0	1
[33] † Metaxytherium serresii Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[34] † Metaxytherium subapenninum Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	6	83	83	0	0	0	0	1
[35] † Metaxytherium floridanum Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	0	89	89	0	0	0	0	1
[36] † Metaxytherium crataegense Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[37] † Metaxytherium arctodites Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	2	87	87	0	0	0	0	1
[38] † Dusisiren reinharti Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	35	56	54	0	0	0	0	1
[39] † Dusisiren jordani Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	5	85	84	0	0	0	0	1
[40] † Dusisiren dewana Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	21	68	68	0	0	0	0	1
[41] † Hydrodamalis cuestae Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	17	72	72	0	0	0	0	1
[42] † Hydrodamalis gigas Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	4	85	85	0	0	0	0	1
[43] † Metaxytherium albifontanum Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	1	88	88	0	0	0	0	1
[44] † Caribosiren turneri Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	36	53	53	0	0	0	0	1
[45] † Crenatosiren olseni Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	5	84	84	0	0	0	0	1
[46] † Nanosiren sanchezi Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	36	53	53	0	0	0	0	1
[47] † Nanosiren garciae Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	25	64	64	0	0	0	0	1
[48] Dugong dugon Taxon name last Modified on 08/15/23	0	89	89	0	0	0	0	1
[49] † Callistosiren boriquensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	18	71	71	0	0	0	0	1
[50] † Bharatisiren indica Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	24	65	65	0	0	0	0	1
[51] † Bharatisiren kachchhensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	31	58	58	0	0	0	0	1
[52] † Domningia sodhae Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	21	68	68	0	0	0	0	1
[53] † Kutchisiren cylindrica Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	27	62	62	0	0	0	0	1
[54] † Dioplotherium manigaulti Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	26	63	63	0	0	0	0	1
[55] † Dioplotherium allisoni Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	23	66	66	0	0	0	0	1
[56] † Culebratherium alemani Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	19	70	70	0	0	0	0	1
[57] † MPEG-63V d. cf. D. allisoni Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	18	71	71	0	0	0	0	1
[58] † ECOCHM-2491 diop. sp. Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	30	59	59	0	0	0	0	1
[59] † Xenosiren yucateca Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	57	32	32	0	0	0	0	1
[60] † Corystosiren varguezi Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	41	48	48	0	0	0	0	1
[61] † Rytiodus heali Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	25	64	64	0	0	0	0	1
[62] † Rytiodus capgrandi Taxon name last Modified on 08/18/23	48	41	41	0	0	0	0	1

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	8
Matrix downloads	6	Data matrix from author (6 downloads);
Project downloads	1
Document downloads	1	Nexus file from author (1 download);