Project 4163: M. S. Fernández, L. Campos, E. E. Maxwell, A. C. Garrido. 2021. Catutosaurus gaspariniae , gen. et sp. nov. (Ichthyosauria, Thunnosauria) of the Upper Jurassic of Patagonia and the evolution of the ophthalmosaurids. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (1):null.
Specimen: † Ophthalmosaurus icenicus (unvouchered)
View: fossil

Abstract

Thunnosaurian ichthyosaurs were one of the most successful lineages of Mesozoic tetrapods in terms of adaptation to a pelagic lifestyle. Among them, the ophthalmosaurids are of particular interest. Their fossils document an early widespread distribution, including high northern and southern latitudes soon after they appear at the Aalenian–Bajocian boundary, becoming almost the only surviving lineage of ichthyosaurs for approximately 76 million years until their extinction at the end of the Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous). Evolutionary innovations that could have been involved in their remarkable evolutionary success are still poorly understood. Two regions of the skeleton, involved in two vital functions – breathing and swimming – depict notable variation among ophthalmosaurids: the narial region and the proximal forefin configuration (i.e., stylopodium-zeugopodium-mesopodium pattern). Here, we describe Catutosaurus gaspariniae gen. et sp. nov., a new Tithonian (Late Jurassic) ophthalmosaurid from the northwest of Patagonia, Argentina. The new taxon depicts a peculiar pattern of the narial opening and forefin. Catutosaurus has an ‘ophthalmosaurine-like’ skull with reduced cheek, triangular squamosal, slender and delicate snout and rounded tooth roots; and ‘platypterygiine-like’ forefin composed by the typical polygonal and tightly packed elements and a broad articulation between the stylopodium and zeugopodial row. Phylogenetic analysis retrieves Catutosaurus nested within basal ophthalmosaurids, at the base of a large clade named here as Panplatypterygiine. New information provided by Catutosaurus suggests that changes in the narial region and complexity of the stylopodium–zeugopodium articulation occurred independently among ophthalmosaurids and not in a stepwise manner along with the evolution of the clade.


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Article DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2021.1922427

Project DOI: 10.7934/P4163, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P4163
This project containsMatrices
  • 1 Media
  • 1 Matrix
  • 2 Documents
  • 33 Taxa
  • 1 Specimen
  • 72 Characters
Total size of project's media files: 24.27k

Download Project SDD File
Total scored cells: 1331
Total media associated with cells: 0
Total labels associated with cell media: 0
Characters
Total characters: 72
Total characters with associated media: 0
Total characters with media with labels: 0
Total character states: 153
Total character states with associated media: 0
Total character states with media with labels:0
Total unordered/ordered characters:72/0
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MorphoBank Project 4163

    Authors' Institutions

    • Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP)

    • Staatliches Museum fur Naturkunde Stuttgart

    • Universidad Nacional del Comahue



    Members

    member name taxa specimens media chars character
    media
    labels
    cell scorings
    (scored, NPA, "-")
    cell
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    MorphoBank Curator
    Project Administrator
    331172001331
    (1331, 0, 0)
    000
    Lisandro Campos
    Full membership
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Marta Fernandez
    Full membership
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000


    Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M28668' (33 Taxa)

    taxon unscored
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    [1] † Temnodontosaurus sp.
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    3696900003
    [2] † Malawania anachronus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    57151500003
    [3] † Ichthyosaurus communis
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    0767200003
    [4] † Stenopterygius quadriscissus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    5686700003
    [5] † Chacaicosaurus cayi
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    41313100003
    [6] † Ophthalmosaurus icenicus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    0747200003
    [7] † Baptanodon natans
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    22515000003
    [8] † Brachypterygius extremus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    31424100003
    [9] † Maiaspondylus lindoei
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    46262600003
    [10] † Undorosaurus gorodischensis
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    27464500003
    [11] † Arthropterygius chrisorum
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    43292900003
    [12] † Mollesaurus periallus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    42303000003
    [13] † Acamptonectes densus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    34393800003
    [14] † Caypullisaurus bonapartei
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    29434300003
    [15] † Aegirosaurus leptospondylus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    32404000003
    [16] † Platypterygius australis
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    1727100003
    [17] † Platypterygius hercynicus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    25474700003
    [18] † Platypterygius sachicarum
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    33393900003
    [19] † Platypterygius americanus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    36363600003
    [20] † Athabascasaurus bitumineus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    45272700003
    [21] † Leninia stellans
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    56171600003
    [22] † Sveltonectes insolitus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    13615900003
    [23] † Cryopterygius kristiansenae
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    23494900003
    [24] † Janusaurus lundi
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    27464500003
    [25] † Gengasaurus nicosiai
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    49232300003
    [26] † Muiscasaurus catheti
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    58141400003
    [27] † Simbirkiasaurus birjukovi
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    59131300003
    [28] † Keilhauianui222.667
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    37353500003
    [29] † Palvennia hoybergeti
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    18545400003
    [30] † Arthropterygius thalassonotus
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    45272700003
    [31] † MOZ 5788
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    34403800003
    [32] † Catutosaurus gaspariniae
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    38343400003
    [33] † Keilhauia nui
    Last Modified in 12/30/21
    54181800003


    Project views

    type number of views Individual items viewed (where applicable)
    Total project views6926
    Project overview488
    Matrix views382Matrix landing page (352 views); Data matrix from supplemental data with missing character state labels added (30 views);
    Media views1398Media search (1184 views); M834955 (214 views);
    Documents list357
    Bibliography281
    Views for media list387
    Specimen list668
    Taxon list2965




    Project downloads

    type number of downloads Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
    Total downloads from project20
    Project downloads19
    Matrix downloads1Data matrix from supplemental data with missing character state labels added (1 download);