Project 4230: I. L. Magalhaes, M. J. Ramírez. 2022. Phylogeny and biogeography of the ancient spider family Filistatidae (Araneae) is consistent both with long‐distance dispersal and vicariance following continental drift. Cladistics. 38 (5):538-562.
Specimen: Lihuelistata metamerica (MACN/MACN-Ar:39454)
View: dorsal view of whole animal

Abstract

Filistatids, the crevice weavers, are an ancient family of cribellate spiders without extant close relatives. As one of the first lineages of araneomorph spiders, they present a complicated mixture of primitive and derived characters that make them a key taxon to elucidate the phylogeny of spiders, as well as the evolution of phenotypic characters in this group. Their moderate diversity (187 species in 19 genera) is distributed mainly in arid and semi-arid subtropical zones of all continents, except Antarctica. The objective of this paper is to generate a comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis for this family to advance the understanding of its morphological evolution and biogeography, as well as lay the basis for a natural classification scheme. By studying the morphology using optical and electronic microscopy techniques, we produced a matrix of 302 morphological characters coded for a sample of 103 species of filistatids chosen to represent the phylogenetic diversity of the family. In addition, we included sequences of four molecular markers (COI, 16S, H3 and 28S; 3787 aligned positions) of 70 filistatid species. The analysis of the data (morphological, molecular, and combined) consistently indicates the separation of the Filistatidae into two subfamilies, Prithinae and Filistatinae, in addition to supporting several groups of genera: Filistata, Zaitunia and an undescribed genus from Madagascar; Sahastata and Kukulcania; all Prithinae except Filistatinella and Microfilistata; Antilloides and Filistatoides; a large Old World group including Pritha, Tricalamus, Afrofilistata, Labahitha, Yardiella, Wandella and putative new genera; and a South American group formed by Lihuelistata, Pikelinia and Misionella. Pholcoides is transferred to Filistatinae and Microfilistata is transferred to Prithinae, and each represents the sister group to the remaining genera of its own subfamily. Most genera are valid, although Pikelinia is paraphyletic with respect to Misionella, so we consider the two genera as synonyms and propose a few new generic combinations. Considering the new phylogenetic hypothesis, we discuss the evolution of some morphological character systems and the biogeography of the family. The ages of divergence between clades were estimated using a total-evidence tip-dating approach by including fossils of Filistatidae and early spider clades; this approach resulted in younger age estimates than those obtained with traditional node-dating. Filistatidae is an ancient family that started diversifying in the Mesozoic and most genera date to the Cretaceous. Clades displaying transcontinental distributions were most likely affected by continental drift, but at least one clade shows unequivocal signs of transoceanic long-distance dispersal.


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Article DOI: 10.1111/cla.12505

Project DOI: 10.7934/P4230, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P4230
This project containsMatrices
  • 1 Media
  • 1 Matrix
  • 2 Documents
  • 125 Taxa
  • 2 Specimens
  • 302 Characters
Total size of project's media files: 1.08M

Download Project SDD File
Total scored cells: 26814
Total media associated with cells: 0
Total labels associated with cell media: 0
Characters
Total characters: 302
Total characters with associated media: 0
Total characters with media with labels: 0
Total character states: 651
Total character states with associated media: 0
Total character states with media with labels:0
Total unordered/ordered characters:284/18
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MorphoBank Project 4230

    Authors' Institutions

    • Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)

    • Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia



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    Ivan Magalhães
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    Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M28750' (125 Taxa)

    taxon unscored
    cells
    scored
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    [1] † Chimerarachne yingi
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/16/22
    2513939012002
    [2] Heptathela kimurai
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    38225222041002
    [3] † Palaeothele montceauensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/16/22
    287131302002
    [4] Antrodiaetus unicolor
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    41205203057002
    [5] † Rosamygale grauvogeli
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/16/22
    277222104002
    [6] Calisoga longitarsis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    29202199072002
    [7] Archoleptoneta schusteri
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    45218214041002
    [8] Thaida peculiaris
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    24250243030002
    [9] Hickmania troglodytes
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    38238235028002
    [10] † Seppo koponeni
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/16/22
    2712020011002
    [11] Otiothops birabeni
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    31211210060002
    [12] Stegodyphus sp
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    53217215033002
    [13] Amaurobius similis
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/11/22
    23249244031002
    [14] † Zamilia quattuormammillae
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/16/22
    261393704002
    [15] Uroctea sp
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    50200197054002
    [16] † Eoplectreurys gertschi
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/16/22
    2533333016002
    [17] Ariadna boesenbergi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    24222220057002
    [18] † Montsecarachne amicorum
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/16/22
    2504140012002
    [19] Drymusa serrana
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    20227223057002
    [20] Kibramoa suprenans
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    12222218070002
    [21] Artema atlanta
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/11/22
    30202199072002
    [22] Hypochilus pococki
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/11/22
    7255251042002
    [23] Filistatinae ifmsp28
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    132152152018002
    [24] Filistata insidiatrix
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    12262259031002
    [25] Filistata ifmsp142
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    189100100013002
    [26] Filistata teideensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    122162160020002
    [27] Filistata lehtineni
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/11/22
    148133131023002
    [28] Filistata pygmaea
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    157126125020002
    [29] Filistata lubinae
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    141144141020002
    [30] Filistata maguirei
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    151132132019002
    [31] Zaitunia schmitzi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    20255251030002
    [32] Zaitunia logunovi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    102186183017002
    [33] Zaitunia beshkentica
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    67216212022002
    [34] Zaitunia minuta
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    19010410408002
    [35] Zaitunia martynovae
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    84199198020002
    [36] Kukulcania hibernalis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    9266263030002
    [37] Kukulcania geophila
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    25251247030002
    [38] Kukulcania hurca
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    30240238034002
    [39] Kukulcania tractans
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    29243240032002
    [40] Kukulcania santosi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    40237234028002
    [41] Kukulcania bajacali
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    70206205027002
    [42] Kukulcania arizonica
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    95182181026002
    [43] Kukulcania cochimi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    119160159024002
    [44] Kukulcania mexicana
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    110171169023002
    [45] Sahastata nigra
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    41235233028002
    [46] Sahastata sinuspersica
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    149134132021002
    [47] Sahastata wesolowskae
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    46231230026002
    [48] Sahastata wunderlichi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    65220218019002
    [49] Microfilistata magalhaesi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    2029089011002
    [50] Microfilistata ovchinnikovi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    95191188019002
    [51] Pholcoides afghana
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    2068684011002
    [52] Filistatinella domestica
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    26247246030002
    [53] Filistatinella howdyall
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    61213212029002
    [54] Filistatinella kahloae
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    102176175025002
    [55] Filistatinella pistrix
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    60214213029002
    [56] Filistatinella spatulata
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    122157155025002
    [57] Andoharano simoni
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    26249249027002
    [58] Andoharano ramirezi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    95183183024002
    [59] Andoharano griswoldi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    50228228024002
    [60] Andoharano sp IFM0449
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    236656501002
    [61] Antilloides chupacabras
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    52233229021002
    [62] Antilloides abeli
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    50230226026002
    [63] Antilloides haitises
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    52220218032002
    [64] † Antilloides didicostae
    Taxon name last Modified on 08/16/22
    243515108002
    [65] Filistatoides insignis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    19249248035002
    [66] Filistatoides ifmsp14
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    49224223030002
    [67] Filistatoides ifmsp23
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    27246244031002
    [68] Filistatoides ifmsp46
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    52221217033002
    [69] Filistatoides ifmsp113
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    82195194026002
    [70] Lihuelistata metamerica
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    25249246031002
    [71] Misionella mendensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    15262262025002
    [72] Misionella pallida
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    30244244028002
    [73] Misionella carajas
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    67207207028002
    [74] Misionella jaminawa
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    36240239027002
    [75] Misionella ifmsp149
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    126153153023002
    [76] Pikelinia colloncura
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    91202201010002
    [77] Pikelinia tambilloi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    15269268019002
    [78] Pikelinia ifmsp01
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    30261260012002
    [79] Pikelinia ifmsp02
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    31256255016002
    [80] Pikelinia ifmsp04
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    9020420408002
    [81] Pikelinia ifmsp05
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    31254253018002
    [82] Pikelinia ifmsp50
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    19210710703002
    [83] Pikelinia ifmsp52
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    19310210207002
    [84] Pikelinia ifmsp66
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    27252252023002
    [85] Pikelinia ifmsp82
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    86205204012002
    [86] Pikelinia ifmsp87
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    68219218016002
    [87] Pikelinia ifmsp94
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    72218217013002
    [88] Pikelinia ifmsp95
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    47240239016002
    [89] Pikelinia ifmsp96
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    53227225024002
    [90] Pikelinia ifmsp139
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    11418017909002
    [91] Pikelinia ifmsp143
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    30246245027002
    [92] Pikelinia ifmsp165
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    39248247016002
    [93] Pikelinia ifmsp166
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    16113513308002
    [94] Pikelinia ifmsp175
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    19110710605002
    [95] Pikelinia kolla
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    90203201011002
    [96] Pikelinia mahuell
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    104192188010002
    [97] Pikelinia milloti
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    10219319109002
    [98] Pikelinia roigi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    6422922909002
    [99] Pikelinia uspallata
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    18811211202002
    [100] Tricalamus ifmsp72
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    78201200024002
    [101] Tricalamus tetragonius
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    125156156021002
    [102] Pritha cf napadensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    96182182024002
    [103] Pritha parva
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    67207207028002
    [104] Pritha nana
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    55216212031002
    [105] Pritha tenuispina
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    104172172026002
    [106] Pritha pallida
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    120161161021002
    [107] Pritha ifmsp172
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    140154152010002
    [108] Afrofilistata fradei
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    43231228031002
    [109] Afrofilistata ifmsp152
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    107173172023002
    [110] Tricalamus menglaensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    69204204029002
    [111] Prithinae ifmsp25
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    69201201032002
    [112] Prithinae ifmsp169
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    22243240039002
    [113] Prithinae ifmsp168
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    75205204023002
    [114] Prithinae ifmsp170
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    18411010909002
    [115] Prithinae ifmsp174
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    18510910908002
    [116] Labahitha fuscata
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    85192191026002
    [117] Labahitha marginata
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    33239239030002
    [118] Labahitha garciai
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    34240239029002
    [119] Labahitha oonopiformis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    108176174020002
    [120] Wandella murrayensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    23253252027002
    [121] Wandella stuartensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    31247244027002
    [122] Wandella australiensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    44230230028002
    [123] Wandella orana
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    66211211025002
    [124] Wandella parnabyi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    111173172019002
    [125] Yardiella humphreysi
    Taxon name last Modified on 04/13/22
    44233230027002


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