Project 4624: D. M. Casali, A. Boscaini, T. J. Gaudin, F. A. Perini, M. Silcox. 2023. Morphological disparity and evolutionary rates of cranial and postcranial characters in sloths (Mammalia, Pilosa, Folivora). Palaeontology. 66 (1):e12639.
Abstract
Sloth morphological evolution has been widely studied qualitatively, with comparative anatomy and morpho-functional approaches, or through quantitative assessments of morphological variation using morphometrics. Only recently, however, have folivoran morphological disparity and evolutionary rates begun to be evaluated using discrete character data. Nonetheless, patterns of morphological evolution in separate character partitions have not been investigated, neither the relative influence of, on the one hand, phylogeny, and on the other, dietary and locomotory adaptations of sloths. Here we evaluate those patterns using a phylomorphospace approach, quantifying morphological disparity and evolutionary rates, and investigating possible drivers of morphological evolution for cranial and postcranial characters in Folivora. The evolution of the morphology in those partitions is associated with distinct patterns of disparity among clades and ecological groups, even though the two partitions do not differ substantially in overall evolutionary tempo. Historical processes shaped the morphological evolution of sloths more consistently than ecological ones, although changes in postcranial characters also seem to be associated with locomotory adaptations, in which morphological convergences were much more common. We also discuss important methodological trade-offs in investigations of partitioned datasets mostly composed of fossil taxa.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1111/pala.12639
Project DOI: 10.7934/P4624, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P4624
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 24918 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 510 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 1198 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:510/0 |
Currently Viewing:
MorphoBank Project 4624
MorphoBank Project 4624
- Creation Date:
07 April 2023 - Publication Date:
07 April 2023 - Media downloads: 1
- Matrix downloads: 10
Authors' Institutions
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- University of Tennessee
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP, University of Sao Paulo)
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 76 | 1 | 1 | 510 | 0 | 0 | 24918 (23865, 0, 1053) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Daniel Casali Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Timothy Gaudin Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Fernando Perini | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29233' (76 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Dasypus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 95 | 397 | 382 | 0 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[2] † Euphractus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 68 | 422 | 410 | 0 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[3] Cyclopes Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 55 | 387 | 364 | 0 | 91 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[4] † Palaeomyrmidon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 356 | 94 | 94 | 0 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[5] † Protamandua Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 277 | 174 | 174 | 0 | 59 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[6] Tamandua Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 8 | 438 | 408 | 0 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[7] Myrmecophaga Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 11 | 419 | 405 | 0 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[8] † Neotamandua Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 231 | 197 | 194 | 0 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[9] † Pseudoglyptodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 460 | 47 | 47 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[10] Bradypus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 34 | 492 | 448 | 0 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[11] † Schismotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 94 | 434 | 411 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[12] † Pelecyodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 147 | 371 | 358 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[13] † Hapalops Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 20 | 548 | 485 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[14] † Analcimorphus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 215 | 304 | 291 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[15] † "Xyophorus" Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 395 | 115 | 114 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[16] † Mionothropus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 116 | 389 | 389 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[17] † Pronothrotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 148 | 359 | 358 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[18] † Nothrotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 12 | 486 | 477 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[19] † Nothrotheriops Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 10 | 493 | 480 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[20] † Planops Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 144 | 365 | 362 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[21] † Prepoplanops Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 205 | 302 | 302 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[22] † Prepotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 376 | 132 | 132 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[23] † Megathericulus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 280 | 227 | 226 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[24] † Diabolotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 220 | 287 | 286 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[25] † Aymaratherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 426 | 85 | 84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[26] Thalassocnus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 51 | 465 | 433 | 0 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[27] † Anisodontherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 407 | 101 | 101 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[28] † Pyramiodontherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 258 | 250 | 242 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[29] † Megatheriops Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 263 | 239 | 239 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[30] † Proeremotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 371 | 142 | 138 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[31] † Eremotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 15 | 498 | 477 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[32] † Megatherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 30 | 493 | 465 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[33] † Hyperleptus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 296 | 213 | 210 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[34] † Megalonychotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 359 | 148 | 148 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[35] † Eucholoeops Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 98 | 442 | 406 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[36] Choloepus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 33 | 494 | 458 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[37] † Acratocnus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 74 | 459 | 431 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[38] † Neocnus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 106 | 444 | 398 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[39] † Parocnus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 114 | 412 | 394 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[40] † Megalocnus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 99 | 421 | 408 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[41] † Pliomorphus Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 280 | 234 | 227 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[42] † Pliometanastes Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 236 | 271 | 268 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[43] † Megalonyx Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 17 | 525 | 485 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[44] † Australonyx Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 183 | 329 | 324 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[45] † Ahytherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 127 | 379 | 379 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[46] † Megistonyx Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 388 | 121 | 121 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[47] † Nohochichak Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 370 | 137 | 137 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[48] † Xybalbaonyx Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 172 | 350 | 334 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[49] † Octomylodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 367 | 120 | 120 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[50] † Octodontotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 243 | 264 | 263 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[51] † Paroctodontotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 415 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[52] † Nematherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 141 | 377 | 360 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[53] † Analcitherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 325 | 180 | 180 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[54] † Neonematherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 388 | 119 | 119 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[55] † Sibyllotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 391 | 117 | 117 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[56] † Valgipes Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 73 | 445 | 429 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[57] † Proscelidodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 100 | 420 | 403 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[58] † Catonyx Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 19 | 523 | 484 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[59] † Scelidotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 11 | 534 | 490 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[60] † Pseudoprepotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 155 | 352 | 350 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[61] † Urumacotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 340 | 166 | 166 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[62] † Brievabradys Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 413 | 95 | 95 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[63] † Thinobadistes Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 100 | 405 | 397 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[64] † Lestobradys Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 428 | 80 | 80 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[65] † Bolivartherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 377 | 131 | 130 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[66] † Lestodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 52 | 469 | 445 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[67] † Pleurolestodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 279 | 225 | 223 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[68] † Simomylodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 66 | 448 | 432 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[69] † Glossotheridium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 217 | 287 | 283 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[70] † Ocnotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 149 | 352 | 352 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[71] † Glossotherium Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 7 | 524 | 488 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[72] † Paramylodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 5 | 522 | 489 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[73] † Oreomylodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 142 | 371 | 358 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[74] † Archaeomylodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 377 | 131 | 131 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[75] † Mylodon Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 83 | 433 | 410 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
[76] † Mylodonopsis Taxon name last Modified on 04/07/23 | 353 | 152 | 151 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 12 | |
Matrix downloads | 10 | Matrix (10 downloads); |
Project downloads | 1 | |
Media downloads | 1 | M861356 (1 download); |