Project 4804: X. Wang, M. C. McKenna, D. Dashzeveg. 2005. Amphicticeps and Amphicynodon (Arctoidea, Carnivora) from Hsanda Gol Formation, Central Mongolia and Phylogeny of Basal Arctoids with Comments on Zoogeography. American Museum Novitates. 3483:1-60.
Abstract
Amphicticeps shackelfordi and Amphicynodon teilhardi are two small carnivorans from the early Oligocene Hsanda Gol Formation of central Mongolia, and as basal arctoids (infraorder Arctoidea) in Asia, feature unique combinations of morphologies that offer insights into early diversification and zoogeography of the arctoids. Lack of adequate study of Amphicticeps and incomplete knowledge about Amphicynodon, however, prevented them from being figured in the discussions of arctoid relationships. New associated dental and cranial materials collected during recent expeditions in the 1990s substantially enrich our knowledge of the two genera and their stratigraphic positions, and serve as an impetus for a study of their phylogenetic relationships in the broad perspective of basal Arctoidea.Hsanda Gol arctoids are represented by six small- to medium-sized species: Amphicticeps shackelfordi Matthew and Granger 1924, A. dorog, n.sp., A. makhchinus, n.sp., Amphicynodon teilhardi Matthew and Granger 1924,? Cephalogale sp., and Pyctis inamatus Babbitt, 1999. The three species of Amphicticeps apparently form an endemic clade confined to central Asia, whose zoogeographic origin is currently unknown. Amphicynodon has a much higher diversity in Europe than in Asia, and phylogenetically the Asian A. teilhardi seems to be nested within the European congeneric species, indicating an eastward dispersal for this group, linking the European “Grande Coupure” and the Asian “Mongolian Reconstruction” events.To avoid excessive homoplasies in crown groups, we attempted a phylogenetic reconstruction based mostly on stem arctoids. Twenty genera of primitive arctoids occupying basal positions of nearly all major clades are selected for the analysis. The resulting tree, based on 39 characters, approximates the initial divergence of the arctoids. The traditionally dichotomous Arctoidea, formed by sister clades Ursida and Mustelida, is recovered in our analysis. Mustelida is also largely dichotomous with mustelid-like forms on one side and procyonid-like forms on the other. Despite its rather hypercarnivorous dentition, Amphicticeps is found on the Ursida side of the arctoids, although support for such a topology is relatively weak. Amphicynodon is a stem taxon of the Ursida and is a sister to an ursid–pinniped clade.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2005)483[0001:AAAACF]2.0.CO;2
Project DOI: 10.7934/P4804, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P4804
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 760 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 39 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 91 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:39/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 4804
MorphoBank Project 4804
- Creation Date:
02 August 2023 - Publication Date:
15 August 2023 - Project views: 2088
- Matrix downloads: 1
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- American Museum of Natural History
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
- Mongolian Academy of Sciences
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
Shreya Jariwala Project Administrator | 22 | 1 | 1 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 760 (760, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29411' (22 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Miacis Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 2 | 37 | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] † Hesperocyon Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 1 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] † Mustelavus Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 9 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] † Amphictis Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 3 | 36 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] † Simocyon Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 1 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] Ailurus Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] † Broiliana Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 4 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] † Stromeriella Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 7 | 32 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] † Mustelictis Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 5 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] † Bavarictis Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 7 | 32 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] † Pseudobassaris Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 3 | 36 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] † Plesictis Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 4 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] † Promartes Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 1 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] † Potamotherium Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 0 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] † Kinometaxia Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 15 | 24 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] † Paragale Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 7 | 32 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] † Plesiogale Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 10 | 29 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[18] † Amphicticeps Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 3 | 36 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[19] † Amphicynodon Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 3 | 36 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[20] † Cephalogale Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 4 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[21] † Pachycynodon Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 4 | 35 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[22] † Allocyon Last Modified in 08/02/23 | 5 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 2088 | |
Project overview | 233 | |
Media views | 458 | Media search (391 views); M890523 (67 views); |
Matrix views | 132 | Matrix landing page (125 views); Wang et al 2005 (7 views); |
Documents list | 109 | |
Taxon list | 667 | |
Specimen list | 262 | |
Views for media list | 141 | |
Bibliography | 86 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 1 | |
Matrix downloads | 1 | Wang et al 2005 (1 download); |