Project 5153: L. Villier, A. Brayard, K. G. Bylund, J. F. Jenks, G. Escarguel, N. Olivier, D. A. Stephen, E. Vennin, E. Fara. 2018. Superstesaster promissor gen. et sp. nov., a new starfish (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) from the Early Triassic of Utah, USA, filling a major gap in the phylogeny of asteroids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 16 (5):395-415.
Abstract
We describe Superstesaster promissor gen. et sp. nov., a starfish from the Smithian (Early Triassic) of Utah (USA) that fills a major gap in the fossil record of the Asteroidea. The post-Palaeozoic crown group Asteroidea are distinct from any of the diverse Palaeozoic forms. However, current understanding of the Palaeozoic–Mesozoic transition is blurred by a large gap in the fossil record between the Early Permian and the Middle Triassic. Building on the newly described taxon, a phylogenetic analysis investigates the relationships between Palaeozoic and Mesozoic Asteroidea. Including 30 species and 70 morphological characters, it is the most comprehensive phylogeny produced for fossil starfishes so far. Relationships among Palaeozoic forms remain poorly resolved, but their position in the tree is grossly consistent with stratigraphy. The tree topology implies the appearance of a wide range of morphologies during the Ordovician, a bottleneck during the end-Devonian events, and a second diversification during the Carboniferous, before a diversity decline at the end of the Permian. Superstesaster promissor nests above Palaeozoic taxa and appears as the sister group to the post-Palaeozoic Asteroidea. It represents the first record of a member of the stem group in the Mesozoic, and it likely reflects the ancestral morphology of the crown group. S. promissor shares with the crown group typical ambulacral and adambulacral plate shape and articulation. Phylogenetic relationships within the crown group remain poorly resolved, although three clades are consistent with molecular and morphological phylogenies available for extant forms: Valvatacea (Comptoniaster, Pentasteria, Advenaster, Noviaster), Forcipulatacea (Germanasterias, Argoviaster) and Velatida (Tropidaster, Protremaster). A Triassic and Jurassic radiation of the crown group is confirmed. Most Triassic and Jurassic forms do not share all synapomorphies with extant clades and usually represent separate clades or stem members of modern clades rather than true members of modern families. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8CAC421A-DC0C-4EEB-B872-C7505FA8C2EARead the article »
Article DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2017.1308972
Project DOI: 10.7934/P5153, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P5153
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 1933 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 70 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 140 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:70/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 5153
MorphoBank Project 5153
- Creation Date:
26 March 2024 - Publication Date:
27 March 2024 - Project views: 797
Authors' Institutions
- Cnrs - Universite Blaise Pascal
- University Claude Bernard Lyon
- Sorbonne Université
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC)
- Utah Valley University
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
Shreya Jariwala Project Administrator | 30 | 4 | 4 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 1933 (1933, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M29738' (30 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Archegonaster pentagonus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 4 | 66 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[2] † Jugiaster speciosus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 2 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[3] † Hudsonaster narrawayi Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 0 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[4] † Promopalaeaster magnificus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 4 | 66 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[5] † Siluraster perfectus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 0 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[6] † Gordonaster brassfieldensis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 0 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[7] † Devonaster eucharis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 0 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[8] † Xenaster margaritatus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 2 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[9] † Calliasterella mira Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 2 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[10] † Calliasterella americana Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 4 | 66 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[11] † Compsaster formosus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 4 | 66 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[12] † Delicaster enigmaticus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 4 | 66 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[13] † Emphereaster missouriensis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 1 | 69 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[14] † Fandasterias facetus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 12 | 58 | 58 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[15] † Ambigaster carnarvonensis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 11 | 59 | 59 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[16] † Permaster grandis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 6 | 64 | 64 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[17] † Trichasteropsis weismanni Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 2 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[18] † Noriaster barberoi Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 15 | 55 | 55 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[19] † Carniaster ochardi Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 22 | 48 | 48 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[20] † Superstesaster promissor Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 18 | 52 | 52 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[21] † Pentasteria kelleri Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 2 | 68 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[22] † Advenaster inermis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 21 | 49 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[23] † Tropidaster pectinatus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 4 | 66 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[24] † Terminaster cancriformis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 1 | 69 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[25] † Comptoniaster basseti Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 0 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[26] † Plesiosolaster moretonis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 10 | 60 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[27] † Germanasterias amplipapularia Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 1 | 69 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[28] † Argoviaster occulutus Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 0 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[29] † Protremaster uniserialis Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 15 | 55 | 55 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
[30] † Noviaster polyplax Last Modified in 03/26/24 | 0 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 797 | |
Documents list | 36 | |
Project overview | 43 | |
Matrix views | 45 | Matrix landing page (36 views); Villier et al 2018 (9 views); |
Taxon list | 296 | |
Media views | 173 | Media search (104 views); M902702 (18 views); M902703 (19 views); M902701 (15 views); M902700 (17 views); |
Views for media list | 40 | |
Specimen list | 139 | |
Bibliography | 25 |