Morphobank

Project 5460: G. Xu. 2019. Osteology and phylogeny of Robustichthys luopingensis, the largest holostean fish in the Middle Triassic. PeerJ. 7:e7184.

Specimen: † Robustichthys luopingensis (unvouchered)
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Abstract

The extinct ray-finned fish taxon Robustichthys luopingensis from Luoping, eastern Yunnan, China represents the largest holostean known in the Middle Triassic. Despite its potential significance for investigating the holostean phylogeny and reconstructing the Triassic marine ecosystems, Robustichthys has so far not been described in detail and its phylogenetic position within the Holostei was controversy. This study provides a redescription and revision of Robustichthys based upon a comparative study of eight type specimens and nine new specimens. Newly recognized information includes a toothed parasphenoid, a pair of premaxillae not pierced by the olfactory nerve, a splint-like quadratojugal, a hatchet-shaped hyomandibula, an hourglass-shaped symplectic, anterior and posterior ceratohyals, a complete series of branchiostegal rays, and sclerotic bones. A revised reconstruction of Robustichthys is presented. Results of a cladistic analysis confirmed Robustichthys as an ionoscopiform within the Halecomorphi; the previous placements of Robustichthys as a basal ginglymodian and Ionoscopidae as a basal amiiform clade are not supported. The sister group relationship between Sinamiinae (Sinamia and Ikechaoamia) and Amiinae (Amia and Cyclurus) within the Amiidae is newly recognized. This revised topology provides new insights into the evolution and historical paleoecology of halecomorph fishes.

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Article DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7184

Project DOI: 10.7934/P5460, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P5460

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 1 Matrix 2 Documents 60 Taxa 1 Specimen 224 Characters Total size of project's media files: 67.25k Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 10808 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 224 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 480 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:224/0

Currently Viewing:
MorphoBank Project 5460

Creation Date:
14 August 2024
Publication Date:
11 October 2024
Matrix downloads: 11

Authors' Institutions

Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP), CAS

CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment

Members

Brian Ike
Project Administrator

224

10808
(10291, 0, 517)

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M30073' (60 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Pteronisculus stensioi Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	10	182	182	0	32	0	0	1
[2] † Teffichthys madagascariensis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	43	165	165	0	16	0	0	1
[3] † Watsonulus eugnathoides Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	11	208	208	0	5	0	0	1
[4] Amia calva Taxon name last Modified on 08/14/24	1	208	208	0	15	0	0	1
[5] † Cyclurus kehreri Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	9	200	200	0	15	0	0	1
[6] † Vidalamia catalunica Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	22	191	191	0	11	0	0	1
[7] † Calamopleurus cylindricus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	1	214	212	0	11	0	0	1
[8] † Pachyamia mexicana Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	21	192	192	0	11	0	0	1
[9] † Amiopsis lepidota Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	17	200	200	0	7	0	0	1
[10] † Ikechaoamia meridionalis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	42	171	171	0	11	0	0	1
[11] † Sinamia zdanskyi Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	22	191	191	0	11	0	0	1
[12] † Solnhofenamia elongata Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	17	200	200	0	7	0	0	1
[13] † Liodesmus gracilis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	45	171	171	0	8	0	0	1
[14] † Oshunia brevis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	29	185	185	0	10	0	0	1
[15] † Teoichthys kallistos Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	78	141	141	0	5	0	0	1
[16] † Macrepistius arenatus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	55	164	164	0	5	0	0	1
[17] † Ophiopsis muensteri Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	63	157	157	0	4	0	0	1
[18] † Cerinichthys koelblae Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	77	141	141	0	6	0	0	1
[19] † Heterolepidotus latus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	67	153	153	0	4	0	0	1
[20] † Panxianichthys imparilis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	70	149	149	0	5	0	0	1
[21] † Subortichthys triassicus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	60	160	159	0	5	0	0	1
[22] † Caturus furcatus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	5	212	212	0	7	0	0	1
[23] † Quetzalichthys perrilliatae Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	57	161	161	0	6	0	0	1
[24] † Ionoscopus cyprinoides Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	12	206	206	0	6	0	0	1
[25] † Ophiopsiella procera Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	48	171	171	0	5	0	0	1
[26] † Congophiopsis lepersonnei Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	89	130	130	0	5	0	0	1
[27] † Robustichthys luopingensis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	42	177	177	0	5	0	0	1
[28] † Asialepidotus shingyiensis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	42	177	177	0	5	0	0	1
[29] Elops hawaiensis Taxon name last Modified on 08/14/24	0	202	202	0	22	0	0	1
[30] † Leptolepis coryphaenoides Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	7	201	201	0	16	0	0	1
[31] † Dorsetichthys bechei Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	10	205	205	0	9	0	0	1
[32] † Ichthyokentema purbeckensis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	30	186	186	0	8	0	0	1
[33] † Pholidoctenus serianus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	65	144	143	0	16	0	0	1
[34] † Pliodetes nigeriensis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	79	138	138	0	7	0	0	1
[35] † Tlayuamichin itztli Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	62	159	159	0	3	0	0	1
[36] † Eosemionotus diskosomus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	77	130	130	0	17	0	0	1
[37] † Macrosemius rostratus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	37	171	171	0	16	0	0	1
[38] † Notagogus denticulatus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	74	138	138	0	12	0	0	1
[39] † Propterus elongatus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	58	155	155	0	11	0	0	1
[40] † Kyphosichthys grandei Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	67	156	155	0	2	0	0	1
[41] † Macrosemimimus fegerti Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	64	157	157	0	3	0	0	1
[42] † Semionotus elegans Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	13	205	204	0	7	0	0	1
[43] Lepisosteus osseus Taxon name last Modified on 08/14/24	0	208	208	0	16	0	0	1
[44] Atractosteus spatula Taxon name last Modified on 08/14/24	0	209	208	0	16	0	0	1
[45] † Obaichthys decoratus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	24	197	197	0	3	0	0	1
[46] † Dentilepisosteus laevis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	16	205	205	0	3	0	0	1
[47] † Masillosteus janeae Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	28	181	180	0	16	0	0	1
[48] † Cuneatus wileyi Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	29	183	182	0	13	0	0	1
[49] † Araripelepidotes temnurus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	69	146	146	0	9	0	0	1
[50] † Yudaiichthys eximius Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	74	146	146	0	4	0	0	1
[51] † Fuyuanichthys wangi Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	72	143	142	0	10	0	0	1
[52] † Lashanichthys sui Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	30	193	191	0	3	0	0	1
[53] † Lepidotes semiserratus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	61	159	159	0	4	0	0	1
[54] † Thaiichthys buddhabutrensis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	42	176	175	0	7	0	0	1
[55] † Ticinolepis longaeva Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	53	168	167	0	4	0	0	1
[56] † Semiolepis brembanus Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	80	141	141	0	3	0	0	1
[57] † Isanichthys palustris Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	97	123	123	0	4	0	0	1
[58] † Sangiorgioichthys aldae Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	84	138	136	0	4	0	0	1
[59] † Sangiorgioichthys valmarensis Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	105	116	116	0	3	0	0	1
[60] † Lophionotus chinleana Taxon name last Modified on 09/26/24	86	135	135	0	3	0	0	1

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	11
Matrix downloads	11	Holostea_Xu_2019_KEY (11 downloads);