Project 632: A. A. Klymiuk, R. A. Stockey. 2012. A Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian) seed cone provides the earliest fossil record forPicea(Pinaceae). American Journal of Botany. 99 (6):1069-1082.
Specimen: Picea burtonii sp. nov. (unvouchered)

Abstract

• Premise of study: Sequence analyses for Pinaceae have suggested that extant genera diverged in the late Mesozoic. While the fossil record indicates that Pinaceae was highly diverse during the Cretaceous, there are few records of living genera. This description of an anatomically preserved seed cone extends the fossil record for Picea A. Dietrich (Pinaceae) by ∼75 Ma.

• Methods: The specimen was collected from the Apple Bay locality of Vancouver Island (Lower Cretaceous, Valanginian) and is described from anatomical sections prepared using cellulose acetate peels. Cladistic analyses of fossil and extant pinaceous seed cones employed parsimony ratchet searches of an anatomical and morphological matrix.

• Key results: This new seed cone has a combination of characters shared only with the genus Picea A. Dietr. and is thus described as Picea burtonii Klymiuk et Stockey sp. nov. Bisaccate pollen attributable to Picea is found in the micropyles of several ovules, corroborating the designation of this cone as an early spruce. Cladistic analyses place P. burtonii with extant Picea and an Oligocene representative of the genus. Furthermore, our analyses indicate that Picea is sister to Cathaya Chun et Kuang, and P. burtonii helps to establish a minimum date for this node in hypotheses of conifer phylogeny.

• Conclusions: As an early member of the extant genus Picea, this seed cone extends the fossil record of Picea to the Valanginian Stage of the Early Cretaceous, ca. 136 Ma, thereby resolving a ghost lineage predicted by molecular divergence analyses, and offers new insight into the evolution of Pinaceae.



Read the article »

Article DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1100568

Project DOI: 10.7934/P632, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P632
This project containsMatrices
  • 1 Media
  • 2 Matrices
  • 110 Taxa
  • 1 Specimen
  • 85 Characters
Total size of project's media files: 1.66M

Download Project SDD File
Total scored cells: 3847
Total media associated with cells: 0
Total labels associated with cell media: 0
Characters
Total characters: 88
Total characters with associated media: 0
Total characters with media with labels: 0
Total character states: 210
Total character states with associated media: 0
Total character states with media with labels:0
Total unordered/ordered characters:88/0
Currently Viewing:
MorphoBank Project 632
  • Creation Date:
    23 November 2011
  • Publication Date:
    11 June 2012
  • Matrix downloads: 61

    This research
    supported by

    Authors' Institutions

    • Oregon State University

    • University of Alberta

    • University of Kansas



    Members

    member name taxa specimens media media
    notes
    chars character
    comms
       
    notes  media
    labels
    cell scorings
    (scored, NPA, "-")
    cell
    comms
        
    notes  medialabels
    rules
    Ashley Klymiuk
    Project Administrator
    11001188055003847
    (3780, 0, 67)
    00000
    MorphoBank Curator
    Full membership
    0100000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    00000
    Ruth Stockey
    Full membership
    0000000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    00000


    Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M1448' (42 Taxa)

    taxon unscored
    cells
    scored
    cells
    no cell
    support
    NPA
    cells
    "-" cellscell images labels on
    cell images
    member
    access
    [1] New taxon 1
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    340000003
    [2] Sciadopit
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [3] Ced deo
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2323200003
    [4] Psdlar am
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    3313100003
    [5] Larix dec
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [6] Cathaya argyrophylla
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    4303000003
    [7] Abiesfirm
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    5292900003
    [8] Ketel
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [9] Pn thunbe
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2323200003
    [10] Pstsuga m
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [11] Tsuga mer
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [12] Apple
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [13] Pn arnold
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [14] Pc sitch
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [15] Pc abies
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [16] Pc asper
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [17] Pc crass
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [18] Pc korai
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [19] Pc koya
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [20] Pc meyeri
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [21] Pc obova
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [22] Pc gleh
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [23] Pc jezoe
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [24] Pc engel
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [25] Pc glau
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [26] Pc alcoq
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [27] Pc brach
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [28] Pc maxim
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [29] Pc purp
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [30] Pc orient
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [31] Pc schre
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [32] Pc smith
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10242400003
    [33] Pc brew
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [34] Pc chihua
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [35] Pc wils
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [36] Pc lik
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2323200003
    [37] Pc mex
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [38] Pc torano
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [39] Pc punge
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [40] Pc maria
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [41] Pc omo
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003
    [42] Pc ruben
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1333300003


    Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M1574' (52 Taxa)

    taxon unscored
    cells
    scored
    cells
    no cell
    support
    NPA
    cells
    "-" cellscell images labels on
    cell images
    member
    access
    [1] Sciadopitys verticillata
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    0515103003
    [2] Pc abies
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    0595202003
    [3] Cathaya argyrophylla
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    8454501003
    [4] cedrus
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    0555202003
    [5] Cryptomeria japonica
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    43939011003
    [6] keteleeria
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2545101003
    [7] larix
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    0615301003
    [8] Obirastrobus kokubunii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2525101003
    [9] Obirastrobus nihongii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    3515001003
    [10] Pararaucaria patagonica
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    53736013003
    [11] picea
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    0615301003
    [12] Pinus belgica
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    3515100003
    [13] Pinus nelsonii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1535300003
    [14] Pinus ponderosa
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    4505000003
    [15] Pityostrobus andraei
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    7464601003
    [16] Pityostrobus argonnensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    5474702003
    [17] Pityostrobus beardii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    7474700003
    [18] Pityostrobus bernissartensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2505002003
    [19] Pityostrobus californiensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    3505001003
    [20] Pityostrobus cliffwoodensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    9454500003
    [21] Pityostrobus corneti
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    4484802003
    [22] Pityostrobus hallii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    5484801003
    [23] Pityostrobus hautrageanus
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    7464601003
    [24] Pityostrobus hokodzensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    4494901003
    [25] Pityostrobus hueberi
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1515102003
    [26] Pityostrobus jacksonii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    10444400003
    [27] Pityostrobus kayeii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    4494901003
    [28] Pityostrobus leckenbyi
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    5484801003
    [29] Pityostrobus lynnii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    7484700003
    [30] Pityostrobus macrocephalus
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    11424201003
    [31] Pityostrobus makahensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    3515001003
    [32] Pityostrobus matsubarae
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    3505001003
    [33] Pityostrobus mcmurrayensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    9444401003
    [34] Pityostrobus milleri
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    8454501003
    [35] Pityostrobus oblongus
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    4494901003
    [36] Pityostrobus palmeri
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    3525100003
    [37] Pityostrobus pubescens
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    5484801003
    [38] Pityostrobus ramentosa
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    7464601003
    [39] Pityostrobus shastaensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    12424200003
    [40] Pityostrobus villerotensis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    3505001003
    [41] Pityostrobus virginiana
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    4494901003
    [42] Pseudoaraucaria arnoldii
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2535200003
    [43] Pseudoaraucaria benstedi
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    18363600003
    [44] Pseudoaraucaria gibbosa
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2525200003
    [45] Pseudoaraucaria heeri
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2525200003
    [46] Pseudoaraucaria loppineti
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    5494900003
    [47] Pseudoaraucaria major
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    4505000003
    [48] Pseudolarix amabilis
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    2515101003
    [49] pseudotsuga
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    0565301003
    [50] tsuga
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    0595301003
    [51] Picea diettertiana
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1525201003
    [52] Picea burtonii sp. nov.
    Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13
    1525201003


    Project downloads

    type number of downloads Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
    Total downloads from project415
    Matrix downloads61Fossil and Extant Pinaceous Seed Cones (29 downloads); Seed Cone Morphology (Picea) (32 downloads);
    Project downloads354