Project 854: A. P. Pritchard, A. H. Turner, S. J. Nesbitt, R. B. Irmis, N. D. Smith. 2015. Late Triassic tanystropheids (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha) from northern New Mexico (Petrified Forest Member, Chinle Formation) and the biogeography, functional morphology, and evolution of Tanystropheidae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (2).
Abstract
We report on tanystropheids from the Late Triassic (middle Norian) Hayden Quarry of northern New Mexico (Chinle Formation, Hayden Quarry). These elements, consisting of isolated vertebrae and appendicular bones, represent the first unambiguously identified tanystropheid from western North America and likely the latest occurrence of the group, post-dating Tanytrachelos in the Eastern United States. A new phylogenetic analysis of early saurians identifies apomorphies of tanystropheid subclades, which are recognized in the recovered vertebrae and a calcaneum. The femora are consistent with referral to Tanystropheidae. However, there is no clear association between the remains so we refrain from erecting a new taxon. The analysis also indicates that the Hayden Quarry tanystropheid fossils belong to a newly recognized subclade including the Late Triassic taxa Langobardisaurus and Tanytrachelos. As most tanystropheid specimens are two-dimensionally crushed skeletons, the Hayden Quarry tanystropheid fossils provide valuable insights into the three-dimensional osteology of derived tanystropheids. The most striking feature of the vertebrae in this group is a rugose, flattened expansion of the neural spines in the dorsal, sacral, and caudal regions. Based on comparisons with living and fossil taxa, we infer that tanystropheids may have developed a robust ligament system for the extension of the post-cervical vertebral column. These fossils and others from Late Triassic sites in the American West suggest that tanystropheids underwent a previously unrecognized radiation in North America just prior to their extinction.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2014.911186
Project DOI: 10.7934/P854, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P854
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 3896 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 201 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 416 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:201/0 |
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MorphoBank Project 854
MorphoBank Project 854
- Creation Date:
02 January 2013 - Publication Date:
11 March 2015 - Media downloads: 1
- Matrix downloads: 30
This research
supported by
Authors' Institutions
- Howard University
- Yale University
- Field Museum of Natural History
- Natural History Museum of Utah
- Stony Brook University
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
Adam Pritchard Project Administrator | 33 | 0 | 0 | 201 | 0 | 0 | 3889 (3689, 0, 200) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Maureen Admin Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
MorphoBank Curator Full membership | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Sterling Nesbitt Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 (7, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Nathan Smith Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Alan Turner Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M1926' (33 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Petrolacosaurus kansasensis Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 10 | 179 | 179 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[2] Uromastyx sp. Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 5 | 171 | 171 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[3] † Trilophosaurus buettneri Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 8 | 178 | 178 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[4] † Trilophosaurus jacobsi Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 154 | 45 | 45 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[5] † Prolacerta broomi Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 10 | 187 | 185 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[6] † Teraterpeton hrynewichorum Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 100 | 98 | 98 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[7] † Protorosaurus speneri Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 53 | 140 | 140 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[8] † Proterosuchus fergusi Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 15 | 182 | 182 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[9] † Youngina capensis Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 26 | 166 | 166 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[10] † Gephyrosaurus bridensis Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 40 | 150 | 150 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[11] † Mesosuchus browni Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 20 | 175 | 174 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[12] † Rhynchosaurus articeps Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 33 | 152 | 152 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[13] † Langobardisaurus pandolfii Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 108 | 92 | 92 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[14] † Langobardisaurus tonelloi Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 113 | 87 | 87 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[15] † Langobardisaurus pandoflii concatenation Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 92 | 108 | 108 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[16] † Tanystropheus longobardicus Taxon name last Modified on 12/15/13 | 23 | 174 | 173 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[17] † Tanytrachelos ahynis Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 75 | 122 | 122 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[18] Hayden Quarry Sacral Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 199 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[19] Hayden Quarry Tanystropheid Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 160 | 40 | 40 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[20] Hayden Quarry Femur Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 194 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[21] Hayden Quarry Dorsal Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 190 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[22] Hayden Quarry Cervical Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 184 | 17 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[23] Hayden Quarry Caudal Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 197 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[24] Hayden Quarry Calcaneum Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 195 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[25] † Macrocnemus bassanii Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 45 | 152 | 152 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[26] † Macrocnemus fuyuanensis Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 61 | 137 | 137 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[27] † Amotosaurus rotfeldensis Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 143 | 56 | 56 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[28] † Erythrosuchus africanus Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 26 | 169 | 169 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[29] Shinisaurus crocodilurus Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 2 | 183 | 183 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[30] † Orovenator mayorum Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 127 | 70 | 70 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[31] † Euparkeria capensis Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 42 | 154 | 154 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[32] † Batrachotomus kupferzellensis Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 26 | 164 | 163 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
[33] † Teyumbaita sulcognathus Taxon name last Modified on 12/05/13 | 66 | 119 | 119 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 398 | |
Matrix downloads | 30 | Archosauromorph Phylogeny for HQ Tanystropheid Paper (30 downloads); |
Project downloads | 367 | |
Media downloads | 1 | M376576 (1 download); |