Project 3932: E. Vlachos, G. L. Georgalis, S. Roussiakis, M. Böhme, G. Theodorou. 2019. The Pikermian tortoises (Testudines, Testudinidae) from the late Miocene of the South Balkans. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (5):e1711520.
Abstract
This article deals with the fossil tortoises of one of the most iconic fossil localities of the Neogene of the Old World, the upper Miocene locality of Pikermi, near Athens, Greece. We describe the type, previously published, and new material of the fossil tortoises from Pikermi, along with new material from the coeval Azmaka 6 locality in Bulgaria. This combined information results in the complete revision of the ‘marble tortoise’ Testudo marmorum, which is the first turtle species ever named from Greece. Besides the challenges and difficulties of working with material from the old collections of Pikermi, we present a complete revision of this species and identify its presence outside its type locality in the South Balkan Peninsula. The presence of numerous shells of the ‘marble tortoise’ allows us to discuss the observed variation and attempt to interpret it as the result of intraspecific variation, ontogenetic changes, or sexual dimorphism. For the first time, we observe the absence of the characteristic hypo-xiphiplastral hinge in female individuals of Testudo marmorum, which in turn challenges the traditional phylogenetic position of this species. We further describe previously published and new material of the giant tortoise Titanochelon from Pikermi. Based on the updated information, we can suggest that the Pikermian giant tortoise probably represents a distinct taxon. Our results signal Pikermi as one of the most important localities to understand the evolution of tortoises in the eastern Mediterranean during the last parts of the Neogene.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2019.1711520
Project DOI: 10.7934/P3932, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P3932
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 7942 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 170 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 397 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:0/170 |
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MorphoBank Project 3932
MorphoBank Project 3932
- Creation Date:
17 February 2021 - Publication Date:
17 February 2021 - Project views: 10069
- Matrix downloads: 1
Authors' Institutions
- Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- University of Athens
- Università degli Studi di Torino (University of Turin)
- Universitaet Tuebingen (Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
- Comenius University
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||
MorphoBank Curator Project Administrator | 72 | 1 | 1 | 170 | 0 | 0 | 7942 (7660, 0, 282) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Evangelos Vlachos Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M27236' (72 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] Pleurodira Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 23 | 148 | 126 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[2] Chelydra serpentina Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 5 | 150 | 148 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[3] Kinosternon odoratus Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 3 | 155 | 155 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[4] Caretta caretta Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 72 | 88 | 88 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[5] Apalone spinifera Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 27 | 94 | 94 | 0 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[6] Platysternon megacephalum Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 15 | 148 | 148 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[7] Batagur baska Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 4 | 164 | 162 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[8] Mauremys caspica Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 7 | 161 | 158 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[9] Siebenrockiella crassicollis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 16 | 150 | 148 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[10] Mauremys sinensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 40 | 128 | 126 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[11] Chrysemys picta Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 1 | 165 | 162 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[12] Emys orbicularis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 31 | 134 | 131 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[13] Trachemys scripta Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 8 | 160 | 158 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[14] Gopherus agassizii Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 8 | 164 | 159 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[15] Chelonoidis carbonaria Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 0 | 188 | 167 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[16] Chelonoidis chilensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 4 | 183 | 163 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[17] Chelonoidis denticulata Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 0 | 196 | 167 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[18] Geochelone elegans Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 53 | 117 | 114 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[19] Indotestudo elongata Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 26 | 145 | 142 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[20] Manouria emys Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 70 | 101 | 99 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[21] Kinixys erosa Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 12 | 148 | 147 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[22] Indotestudo forstenii Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 3 | 165 | 164 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[23] Testudo graeca Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 2 | 179 | 164 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[24] Chersine hermanni Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 6 | 168 | 162 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[25] Kinixys homeana Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 29 | 134 | 133 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[26] Agrionemys horsfieldii Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 58 | 116 | 110 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[27] Manouria impressa Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 29 | 138 | 138 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[28] Testudo kleinmanni Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 31 | 139 | 134 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[29] Testudo marginata Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 79 | 97 | 89 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[30] Chelonoidis nigra Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 2 | 173 | 165 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[31] Psammobates oculifera Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 73 | 97 | 96 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[32] Stigmochelys pardalis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 13 | 157 | 154 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[33] Gopherus polyphemus Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 6 | 165 | 161 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[34] Astrochelys radiata Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 9 | 160 | 159 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[35] Centrochelys sulcata Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 2 | 171 | 166 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[36] Malacochersus tornieri Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 2 | 152 | 150 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[37] Gigantochersina ammon Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 113 | 63 | 57 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[38] † Testudo antiqua Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 106 | 66 | 63 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[39] Megalochelys atlas Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 133 | 41 | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[40] † Titanochelon bacharidisi Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 70 | 102 | 98 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[41] † Hesperotestudo bermudae Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 100 | 73 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[42] † Titanochelon bolivari Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 35 | 137 | 132 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[43] Ergilemys bruneti Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 111 | 60 | 59 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[44] † Paleotestudo canetotiana Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 112 | 58 | 57 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[45] † Achilemys cassouleti Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 103 | 67 | 67 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[46] Hadrianus castrensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 113 | 56 | 56 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[47] Hadrianus corsoni Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 104 | 66 | 65 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[48] Geochelone costaricensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 112 | 58 | 58 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[49] † Hesperotestudo crassiscutata Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 107 | 63 | 63 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[50] Testudo eocaenica Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 114 | 63 | 56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[51] Taraschelon gigas Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 125 | 42 | 42 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[52] Chelonoidis gringorum Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 130 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[53] Chelonoidis hesterna Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 108 | 60 | 60 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[54] Ergilemys insolitus Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 123 | 52 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[55] Testudo kaiseni Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 127 | 42 | 42 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[56] Oligopherus laticuneus Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 91 | 78 | 78 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[57] † Testudo lunellensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 111 | 58 | 58 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[58] Cheirogaster maurini Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 116 | 51 | 51 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[59] Namibchersus namaquensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 108 | 62 | 62 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[60] Stylemys nebrascensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 55 | 116 | 114 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[61] † Mesochersus orangeus Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 135 | 37 | 34 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[62] † Hesperotestudo osborniana Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 60 | 112 | 110 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[63] † Testudo oughlamensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 119 | 53 | 50 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[64] Impregnochelys pachytestis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 130 | 40 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[65] † Titanochelon perpiniana Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 87 | 80 | 79 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[66] Testudo promarginata Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 111 | 59 | 59 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[67] Testudo sharanensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 115 | 54 | 54 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[68] † Testudo shensiensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 102 | 68 | 67 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[69] Anhuichelys siaoshihensis Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 105 | 61 | 61 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[70] Pelorochelon soriana Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 106 | 66 | 64 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[71] † Titanochelon vitodurana Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 81 | 88 | 87 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[72] † Testudo marmorum Last Modified in 02/17/21 | 105 | 72 | 64 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 10069 | |
Project overview | 770 | |
Matrix views | 554 | Data matrix (63 views); Matrix landing page (491 views); |
Media views | 1889 | Media search (1607 views); M739118 (282 views); |
Taxon list | 4442 | |
Bibliography | 397 | |
Views for media list | 1032 | |
Specimen list | 981 | |
Documents list | 4 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 81 | |
Project downloads | 80 | |
Matrix downloads | 1 | Data matrix (1 download); |