Project 790: R. Bieler, P. N. Mikkelsen, T. M. Collins, E. A. Glover, V. L. González, D. L. Graf, E. M. Harper, J. Healy, G. Y. Kawauchi, P. P. Sharma, S. Staubach, E. E. Strong, J. D. Taylor, I. Tëmkin, J. D. Zardus, S. Clark, A. Guzmán, E. McIntyre, P. Sharp, G. Giribet. 2014. Investigating the Bivalve Tree of Life—an exemplar-based approach combining molecular and novel morphological characters. Invertebrate Systematics. 28 (1):32-115.
Specimen: Hyotissa mcgintyi (Harry, 1985) (FMNH/FMNH:genlcolln)

Abstract

To re-evaluate the relationships of the major bivalve lineages, we amassed detailed morpho-anatomical, ultrastructural and molecular sequence data for a targeted selection of exemplar bivalves spanning the phylogenetic diversity of the class. We included molecular data for 103 bivalve species (up to five markers) and also analysed a subset of taxa with four additional nuclear protein-encoding genes. Novel as well as historically employed morphological characters were explored, and we systematically disassembled widely used descriptors such as gill and stomach ‘types’. Phylogenetic analyses, conducted using parsimony direct optimisation and probabilistic methods on static alignments (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) of the molecular data, both alone and in combination with morphological characters, offer a robust test of bivalve relationships. A calibrated phylogeny also provided insights into the tempo of bivalve evolution. Finally, an analysis of the informativeness of morphological characters showed that sperm ultrastructure characters are among the best morphological features to diagnose bivalve clades, followed by characters of the shell, including its microstructure. Our study found support for monophyly of most broadly recognised higher bivalve taxa, although support was not uniform for Protobranchia. However, monophyly of the bivalves with protobranchiate gills was the best-supported hypothesis with incremental morphological and/or molecular sequence data. Autobranchia, Pteriomorphia, Heteroconchia, Palaeoheterodonta, Archiheterodonta, Euheterodonta, Anomalodesmata and Imparidentia new clade ( = Euheterodonta excluding Anomalodesmata) were recovered across analyses, irrespective of data treatment or analytical framework. Another clade supported by our analyses but not formally recognised in the literature includes Palaeoheterodonta and Archiheterodonta, which emerged under multiple analytical conditions. The origin and diversification of each of these major clades is Cambrian or Ordovician, except for Archiheterodonta, which diverged from Palaeoheterodonta during the Cambrian, but diversified during the Mesozoic. Although the radiation of some lineages was shifted towards the Palaeozoic (Pteriomorphia, Anomalodesmata), or presented a gap between origin and diversification (Archiheterodonta, Unionida), Imparidentia showed steady diversification through the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic. Finally, a classification system with six major monophyletic lineages is proposed to comprise modern Bivalvia: Protobranchia, Pteriomorphia, Palaeoheterodonta, Archiheterodonta, Anomalodesmata and Imparidentia.


Read the article »

Project DOI: 10.7934/P790, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P790
This project containsMatrices
  • 205 Media
  • 1 Matrix
  • 1 Document
  • 108 Taxa
  • 117 Specimens
  • 210 Characters
Total size of project's media files: 182.49M

Download Project SDD File
Total scored cells: 19904
Total media associated with cells: 634
Total labels associated with cell media: 343
Characters
Total characters: 210
Total characters with associated media: 1
Total characters with media with labels: 0
Total character states: 547
Total character states with associated media: 3
Total character states with media with labels:1
Total unordered/ordered characters:210/0
Currently Viewing:
MorphoBank Project 790

    This research
    supported by

    Authors' Institutions

    • Natural History Museum, London

    • Cornell University

    • Florida International University

    • Harvard University

    • Stanford University

    • University of Cambridge

    • University of Wisconsin

    • Queensland Museum

    • Field Museum of Natural History

    • Smithsonian Institution

    • The Citadel: Military College of South Carolina

    • Northern Virginia Community College



    Members

    member name taxa specimens media chars character
    media
    labels
    cell scorings
    (scored, NPA, "-")
    cell
    medialabels
    rules
    Rudiger Bieler
    Project Administrator
    1081172052104218995
    (14631, 965, 3399)
    03430
    Gonzalo Giribet
    Full membership
    00000038
    (25, 12, 1)
    000
    Dan Graf
    Character annotater
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Liz Harper
    Character annotater
    00000040
    (26, 1, 13)
    000
    John Healy
    Character annotater
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Janeen Jones
    Observer
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Seth Kaufman
    0000001
    (0, 0, 1)
    000
    Nikolaus Malchus
    Observer
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Nikolaus Malchus
    Observer
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Paula Mikkelsen
    Full membership
    000000417
    (298, 0, 119)
    000
    Prashant Sharma
    Character annotater
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Sid Staubach
    Observer
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Ellen Strong
    Character annotater
    00000033
    (31, 0, 2)
    000
    John Taylor
    Character annotater
    000000132
    (121, 0, 11)
    000
    Ilya Temkin
    Character annotater
    000000248
    (88, 0, 160)
    000
    Thomas Waller
    Observer
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    John Zardus
    Character annotater
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000


    Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M1796' (108 Taxa)

    taxon unscored
    cells
    scored
    cells
    no cell
    support
    NPA
    cells
    "-" cellscell images labels on
    cell images
    member
    access
    [1] Leptochiton asellus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    23696801180017
    [2] Cryptoplax japonica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    304747191140017
    [3] Chaetopleura apiculata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    24686801180017
    [4] Puperita pupa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    107777191040017
    [5] Haliotis tuberculata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2939101150017
    [6] Diodora graeca
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    107371191080017
    [7] Crepidula fornicata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    5939301120017
    [8] Siphonaria pectinata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    5868601190017
    [9] Antalis entalis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    7848101190017
    [10] Laevipilina hyalina
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    17858401080017
    [11] Solemya velum
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    111888091261317
    [12] Huxleyia munita
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    78808027250017
    [13] Nucinella giribeti
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    66927628250017
    [14] Nucula sulcata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    19148120043282517
    [15] Acila castrensis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    11152128047221717
    [16] Clencharia abyssorum
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    19119942052212317
    [17] Scaeoleda caloundra
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    16142121250211917
    [18] Yoldia limatula
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    31136114143151417
    [19] Arca noae
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    21168134120222017
    [20] Barbatia barbata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    15175143020282617
    [21] Arcopsis adamsi
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    261451221920201517
    [22] Glycymeris glycymeris
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    12176116022221517
    [23] Limopsis sp b
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    221411191928211817
    [24] Modiolus rumphii
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    20167124023181117
    [25] Mytilus edulis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    7180130023201017
    [26] Pteria hirundo
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    201731410173017
    [27] Isognomon alatus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    20167132024311117
    [28] Malleus albus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    21146116192416217
    [29] Pulvinites exempla
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    55124826250017
    [30] Crassostrea virginica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1616913802515117
    [31] Hyotissa mcgintyi
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    651118219153017
    [32] Pinna carnea
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    13153122192522917
    [33] Ctenoides scaber
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    151711700240017
    [34] Lima lima
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    161511202023141017
    [35] Pecten maximus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    23166132021221117
    [36] Parvamussium jeffreysii
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1616513402924917
    [37] Spondylus ambiguus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    301541110267017
    [38] Plicatula sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    561137620210017
    [39] Monia patelliformis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    71979321214317
    [40] Placuna placenta
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    331481103271017
    [41] Dimya lima
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    611067820230017
    [42] Neotrigonia lamarcki
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1817114202116417
    [43] Velesunio ambiguus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    291621610190017
    [44] Aspatharia pfeifferiana
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2914111719218417
    [45] Margaritifera margaritifera
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2514213719244317
    [46] Unio pictorum
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    501411370194317
    [47] Eucrassatella cumingi
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    131741690234217
    [48] Astarte sulcata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    141741720223317
    [49] Cardita calyculata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    171661630272217
    [50] Frenamya elongata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    141561511392317
    [51] Lyonsia floridana
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    211621341260017
    [52] Laternula elliptica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    121681621295317
    [53] Cochlodesma praetenue
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2414313619245217
    [54] Thracia phaseolina
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2714112820226117
    [55] Myochama anomioides
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    211611552260017
    [56] Cleidothaerus albidus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2714210919220017
    [57] Haliris tenerrima
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    231208920470017
    [58] Poromya illevis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    26110960740017
    [59] Bathyneaera demistriata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    15947920810017
    [60] Cavatidens omissa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    501291210314117
    [61] Codakia orbicularis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    11701680392217
    [62] Lucina pensylvanica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1314314319350017
    [63] Cycladicama cumingi
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1315915519190017
    [64] Thyasira equalis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    181571131347017
    [65] Cyrenoida floridana
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    231641631221117
    [66] Chama macerophylla
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    201691230215117
    [67] Tellimya ferruginosa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    76949421190017
    [68] Lasaea adansoni
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    21711322352117
    [69] Scintillona cryptozoica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1814310222270017
    [70] Mysella charcoti
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2013710221322017
    [71] Bornia sebetia
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    5411811521172217
    [72] Panopea globosa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    461258125146017
    [73] Hiatella arctica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1016315423157217
    [74] Lamychaena hians
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2214313921244017
    [75] Arctica islandica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    81791744204217
    [76] Trapezium sublaevigatum
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    271651310190017
    [77] Glossus humanus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1514413835184117
    [78] Kelliella sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    52949220440017
    [79] Calyptogena magnifica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    621059328152017
    [80] Cyamiomactra laminifera
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    12953531990017
    [81] Gaimardia trapezina
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    69986928150017
    [82] Corbicula fluminea
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    141741713193017
    [83] Sphaerium nucleus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1615413220212017
    [84] Cerastoderma edule
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    241651624182017
    [85] Fragum unedo
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    531401404130017
    [86] Hemidonax pictus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    251671350182017
    [87] Venus verrucosa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2215014819191017
    [88] Chione elevata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    161711695182217
    [89] Gemma gemma
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    201651262240017
    [90] Petricola lapicida
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    211671245174017
    [91] Turtonia minuta
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    161369121370017
    [92] Glauconome rugosa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    241681661172017
    [93] Scissula similis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    181631530309017
    [94] Macoma balthica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    101691632292017
    [95] Donax trunculus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2116614802414917
    [96] Asaphis deflorata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    151701624215017
    [97] Abra alba
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    211571234285017
    [98] Tagelus plebeius
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    191691573193017
    [99] Solen vaginoides
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    161751742170017
    [100] Phaxas pellucidus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2314514524180017
    [101] Rangia cuneata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    71791763212017
    [102] Tresus capax
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    761061062080017
    [103] Donacilla cornea
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    1714814523220017
    [104] Dreissena polymorpha
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    121741610247517
    [105] Mya arenaria
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    517317012202017
    [106] Notocorbula tunicata
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    451441445160017
    [107] Barnea candida
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    241591260272017
    [108] Teredo clappi
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    291471310348217


    Project views

    type number of views Individual items viewed (where applicable)
    Total project views277642
    Project overview11432
    Matrix views4040Matrix landing page (3463 views); BivAToL matrix (577 views);
    Media views128878Media search (8405 views); M149024 (395 views); M148966 (757 views); M148933 (714 views); M148892 (830 views); M148901 (857 views); M148972 (708 views); M193723 (386 views); M148953 (760 views); M148986 (396 views); M148895 (875 views); M148889 (870 views); M148897 (834 views); M148893 (820 views); M148967 (748 views); M148883 (824 views); M149045 (384 views); M148876 (854 views); M149007 (398 views); M148944 (767 views); M149026 (429 views); M148957 (757 views); M148925 (761 views); M148965 (765 views); M148919 (846 views); M148939 (696 views); M148968 (710 views); M148961 (726 views); M148932 (766 views); M148912 (834 views); M148936 (706 views); M148963 (820 views); M148924 (760 views); M148896 (794 views); M149072 (362 views); M149010 (375 views); M148918 (743 views); M148938 (732 views); M148900 (865 views); M148948 (713 views); M148993 (388 views); M148927 (744 views); M148911 (820 views); M148874 (829 views); M148916 (882 views); M148915 (753 views); M148872 (820 views); M148960 (779 views); M148942 (799 views); M148871 (848 views); M149042 (412 views); M148996 (439 views); M148881 (941 views); M148920 (796 views); M148909 (846 views); M148928 (732 views); M148990 (396 views); M148922 (779 views); M148955 (783 views); M149071 (437 views); M148956 (769 views); M149067 (389 views); M148886 (842 views); M149021 (378 views); M148984 (407 views); M148978 (382 views); M148985 (381 views); M149003 (406 views); M149050 (368 views); M148959 (726 views); M148887 (809 views); M148870 (872 views); M149015 (387 views); M148878 (905 views); M149008 (418 views); M149023 (425 views); M149014 (382 views); M149033 (398 views); M149030 (428 views); M149040 (394 views); M149051 (379 views); M148975 (764 views); M148934 (780 views); M148914 (772 views); M148947 (751 views); M148971 (757 views); M149041 (374 views); M149018 (484 views); M149020 (413 views); M148931 (748 views); M149074 (377 views); M148949 (737 views); M148917 (806 views); M148899 (900 views); M148926 (741 views); M148970 (773 views); M148964 (832 views); M148904 (806 views); M148935 (720 views); M148937 (737 views); M148898 (784 views); M148894 (798 views); M148943 (765 views); M148954 (729 views); M148882 (864 views); M148885 (836 views); M148877 (840 views); M148950 (736 views); M148946 (725 views); M148873 (824 views); M148952 (763 views); M148940 (725 views); M148888 (837 views); M148908 (851 views); M148906 (826 views); M148969 (728 views); M148976 (688 views); M148910 (794 views); M148903 (849 views); M148905 (825 views); M148879 (835 views); M148907 (858 views); M148891 (905 views); M148958 (738 views); M148921 (808 views); M148884 (820 views); M148930 (715 views); M148875 (811 views); M148951 (780 views); M148973 (754 views); M148945 (801 views); M148962 (754 views); M148974 (735 views); M149048 (390 views); M149049 (387 views); M149009 (379 views); M149027 (403 views); M148977 (372 views); M148991 (403 views); M148988 (405 views); M149002 (402 views); M149025 (374 views); M149011 (392 views); M148982 (405 views); M149035 (405 views); M149058 (412 views); M149036 (404 views); M149084 (401 views); M149032 (369 views); M148999 (395 views); M149043 (424 views); M149028 (414 views); M149059 (399 views); M149044 (397 views); M149016 (396 views); M148992 (367 views); M149001 (417 views); M149053 (394 views); M149012 (388 views); M149062 (427 views); M149029 (368 views); M149061 (379 views); M149013 (381 views); M149077 (403 views); M149065 (518 views); M149037 (385 views); M148979 (380 views); M149080 (396 views); M148998 (386 views); M149066 (413 views); M149052 (371 views); M149000 (384 views); M149031 (380 views); M148983 (398 views); M148994 (435 views); M149005 (393 views); M149076 (371 views); M148981 (367 views); M148989 (408 views); M149068 (387 views); M149079 (412 views); M148980 (395 views); M149004 (412 views); M149034 (375 views); M149073 (386 views); M149017 (408 views); M149055 (372 views); M149047 (398 views); M149078 (384 views); M149022 (358 views); M149046 (392 views); M149054 (388 views); M149057 (366 views); M148987 (390 views); M148995 (366 views); M148997 (379 views); M149006 (394 views); M149019 (376 views); M149038 (425 views); M149039 (391 views); M149056 (375 views); M149063 (373 views); M149064 (351 views); M149069 (429 views); M149070 (415 views); M149075 (361 views);
    Bibliography9178
    Specimen list94417
    Documents list2694
    Views for media list1904
    Taxon list25099




    Project downloads

    type number of downloads Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
    Total downloads from project505
    Matrix downloads76BivAToL matrix (76 downloads);
    Project downloads415
    Document downloads13Additional information on sperm data for MorphoBank Project 790 - BivAToL (13 downloads);
    Media downloads1M148966 (1 download);